Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29524001›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2019

Intake of dietary saturated fatty acids and risk of type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Netherlands cohort: associations by types, sources of fatty acids and substitution by macronutrients.

Shengxin Liu, Yvonne T van der Schouw, Sabita S Soedamah-Muthu, Annemieke M W Spijkerman, Ivonne Sluijs

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
5.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Shengxin LiuJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, PO Box 85500, STR6.131, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Yvonne T van der SchouwJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, PO Box 85500, STR6.131, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Sabita S Soedamah-MuthuDivision of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Annemieke M W SpijkermanCentre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Ivonne SluijsJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, PO Box 85500, STR6.131, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands. i.sluijs-2@umcutrecht.nl.
Utrecht University · NLNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment · NLTilburg University · NLWageningen University & Research · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe association between dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA) intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear. This study aimed at investigating the association between SFA intake and T2D risk based on (1) individual SFA (differing in carbon chain length), (2) food sources of SFA and (3) the substituting macronutrients.

methods37,421 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Netherlands (EPIC-NL) cohort were included in this study. Baseline dietary intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. T2D risks were estimated by Cox regression models adjusted for non-dietary and dietary covariates.

results893 incident T2D cases were documented during 10.1-year follow-up. We observed no association between total SFA and T2D risk. Marginally inverse associations were found for lauric acid (HR per 1 SD of energy%, 95% CI 0.92, 0.85-0.99), myristic acid (0.89, 0.79-0.99), margaric acid (0.84, 0.73-0.97), odd-chain SFA (pentadecylic plus margaric acids; 0.88, 0.79-0.99), and cheese derived SFA (0.90, 0.83-0.98). Soft and liquid fats derived SFA was found related to higher T2D risk (1.08, 1.01-1.17). When substituting SFA by proteins, carbohydrates and polyunsaturated fatty acids, significantly higher risks of T2D were observed (HRs per 1 energy% ranging from 1.05 to 1.15).

conclusionIn this Dutch population, total SFA does not relate to T2D risk. Rather, the association may depend on the types and food sources of SFA. Cheese-derived SFA and individual SFA that are commonly found in cheese, were significantly related to lower T2D risks. We cannot exclude the higher T2D risks found for soft and liquid fats derived SFA and for substituting SFA with other macronutrients are influenced by residual confounding by trans fatty acids or limited intake variation in polyunsaturated fatty acids and vegetable protein.

Indexed as

Energy IntakeCohort StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2DietDietary CarbohydratesDietary FatsDietary ProteinsFatty AcidsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedNetherlandsNutrientsProspective StudiesDietary CarbohydratesDietary FatsDietary ProteinsFatty AcidsNutrientsCohort studyEpidemiologyNutritionSaturated fatty acidsType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID29524001
PMCPMC6499756
OpenAlexW2792318677

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.