ArticleScientific reports2018
Using dual eye tracking to uncover personal gaze patterns during social interaction.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- Looking at Social Interactions in Medical Education with Dual Eye-Tracking Technology: A Scoping Review.MedEdPublish (2016) · 2024Pooled it
- Vocational Training in Virtual Environments for People With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Pooled it
- Real-time brain-controlled selective hearing enhances speech perception in multi-talker environments.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Patterns of Gaze Behavior During Live Interactions in Adults and Adolescents with Autism or High Autistic Traits: A Systematic Review.Autism in adulthood · 2026Article
- Conceptual priorities shape individual gaze patterns during naturalistic visual attention.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- A visual perceptual perspective on gaze in social robotics.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Review
- The fundamentals of eye tracking part 6: Working with areas of interest.Behavior research methods · 2026Article
- Analysis of human-oriented facial signals of the domestic dog using eye tracker technology.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- The effect of pupil size on data quality in head-mounted eye trackers.Behavior research methods · 2025Article
- Autistic eye contact? A hermeneutic phenomenological multicenter study of the similarities and differences in eye-contact experiences between adults with and without autism.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2025Article
- Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) show an attentional bias toward a male secondary sexual trait.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Article
- The Influence of Image Exposure Duration on Facial Perception-Why It Matters.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Article
- Impact of conversational context on gaze patterns of autistic and non-autistic adolescents.Research in autism · 2025Article
- gazeMapper: A tool for automated world-based analysis of gaze data from one or multiple wearable eye trackers.Behavior research methods · 2025Article
- Eye Tracking in Aging: Challenges, Best Practices, and Novel Frontiers.ACM transactions on applied perception · 2025Article
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- A modular machine learning tool for holistic and fine-grained behavioral analysis.Behavior research methods · 2024Article
- Visualizing Empathy in Patient-Practitioner Interactions Using Eye-Tracking Technology: Proof-of-Concept Study.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Social attention in the wild - fixations to the eyes and autistic traits during a naturalistic interaction in a healthy sample.Scientific reports · 2024Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We report the personal eye gaze patterns of people engaged in face-to-face getting acquainted conversation. Considerable differences between individuals are underscored by a stability of eye gaze patterns within individuals. Results suggest the existence of an eye-mouth gaze continuum. This continuum includes some people showing a strong preference for eye gaze, some with a strong preference for mouth gaze, and others distributing their gaze between the eyes and mouth to varying extents. Additionally, we found evidence of within-participant consistency not just for location preference but also for the duration of fixations upon the eye and mouth regions. We also estimate that during a 4-minute getting acquainted conversation mutual face gaze constitutes about 60% of conversation that occurs via typically brief instances of 2.2 seconds. Mutual eye contact ranged from 0-45% of conversation, via very brief instances. This was despite participants subjectively perceiving eye contact occurring for about 70% of conversation. We argue that the subjective perception of eye contact is a product of mutual face gaze instead of actual mutual eye contact. We also outline the fast activity of gaze movements upon various locations both on and off face during a typical face-to-face conversation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.