ArticleBritish journal of cancer2018
Tobacco, alcohol use and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: The Liver Cancer Pooling Project.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 154 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
154 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 242 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent Advancements in Known and Emerging Risk Factors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Gene therapy for people with hepatocellular carcinoma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Occupational exposure to diesel exhausts and liver and pancreatic cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD).Obesity facts · 2024Guideline
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence in Alcohol-Associated Cirrhosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2023Pooled it
- KASL clinical practice guidelines: Management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2021Guideline
- Changing epidemiology and etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Europe: implications for clinical practice and health policy.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Review
- Prophylactic Effects of Dietary Patterns and Indexes, Nutrition and Lifestyle on Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Review
- Artificially Sweetened and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Risk of Liver Cancer.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Pre-diagnostic immunological markers of bacterial translocation and liver cancer risk: A nested case-control analysis of 12 prospective cohorts.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Primary Liver Cancer Trends Worldwide and in China: Analysis of GLOBOCAN 2022 Data and Disease Management Implications.Portal hypertension & cirrhosis · 2026Review
- Establishing cancer registries in Africa - focus on hepatopancreatobiliary cancers.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Beyond the heart: prevalence and implications of extra-coronary findings in coronary CT angiography: a retrospective study.European radiology · 2026Article
- Ubiquitous Environmental Exposures and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Review
- Hypertension self-care practices and associated factors among people with hypertension on follow-up in selected public healthcare facilities in the Ashanti Region, Ghana. A multicentre cross-sectional survey.SAGE open medicine · 2026Article
- Mediterranean Alcohol-Drinking Pattern and Alcohol-Related Cancer Incidence in the "Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra" (SUN) Cohort.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Two-way increased-risk associations between hepatobiliary cancers and other malignancies: a population-based study.Hepatic oncology · 2025Article
- Sex and gender disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma: insights into risk, diagnosis, and therapeutic outcomes.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Understanding the "Paradox" in Black-White Alcohol Outcomes: Examining High-Effort Coping and Health Behaviors with a Focus on Black Populations and College Students.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Review
- Immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: from pathogenesis to immunotherapy.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
94 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
32 authors at 14 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhile tobacco and alcohol are established risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer, it is unknown whether they also increase the risk of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Thus, we examined the association between tobacco and alcohol use by primary liver cancer type.
methodsThe Liver Cancer Pooling Project is a consortium of 14 US-based prospective cohort studies that includes data from 1,518,741 individuals (HCC n = 1423, ICC n = 410). Multivariable-adjusted hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using proportional hazards regression.
resultsCurrent smokers at baseline had an increased risk of HCC (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.57-2.20) and ICC (HR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.07-2.02). Among individuals who quit smoking >30 years ago, HCC risk was almost equivalent to never smokers (HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.74-1.61). Compared to non-drinkers, heavy alcohol consumption was associated with an 87% increased HCC risk (HR
conclusionsThese findings suggest that, in this relatively healthy population, smoking cessation and light-to-moderate drinking may reduce the risk of HCC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.