ArticleJournal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society2018
In vitro and ex vivo correlation of drug release from ophthalmic ointments.
Article in Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Enhanced ocular delivery of brinzolamide via β-cyclodextrin-based micelles for glaucoma management.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Design and PreliminaryCurrent pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2026Article
- The Impact of Vehicle Occlusivity on Skin Delivery and Activity of a Janus Kinase Inhibitor: Comparison of Oil-Based Formulations.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Development of an in-situ forming implant system for levodopa and carbidopa for the treatment of parkinson's disease.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
- Enhanced Ocular Delivery of Itraconazole via a Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System: Improved Antifungal Activity and Cellular Uptake.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Article
- Hyaluronic acid conjugates with controlled oleic acid substitution as new nanomaterials for improving ocular co-delivery of cyclosporine A and oleic acid.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Article
- Investigation of corneal hydration and the impact of cross-linking therapy on water retention using Brillouin spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- An Open-Source 3D-Printed Recording Stage with Customizable Chambers for Ex Vivo Experiments.eNeuro · 2024Article
- Design and Characterization of Ocular Inserts Loaded with Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Inflammatory Ophthalmic Disease.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- A novel liposomal formulation for ocular delivery of caspofungin: an experimental study by quality by design-based approach.Therapeutic delivery · 2024Article
- Article
- Dynamic Ex Vivo Porcine Eye Model to Measure Ophthalmic Drug Penetration under Simulated Lacrimal Flow.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Impact of Apparatus and Adapter on In vitro Drug Release of Ophthalmic Semisolid Drug Products.Pharmaceutical research · 2023Article
- In-Situ Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Containing Resveratrol-Loaded Nanoparticles as a Localized Drug Delivery Platform for Dry Eye Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Ocular Drug Delivery: a Comprehensive Review.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In vitro drug release testing and ex vivo transcorneal drug permeation can provide valuable information on the performance of the Q1/Q2 equivalent ointments prior to any animal studies. Good correlation between in vitro and ex vivo drug release may be indicative of good in vitro and in vivo correlation. Accordingly, it is important to investigate in vitro as well as ex vivo drug release from Q1/Q2 equivalent ophthalmic ointments and evaluate whether a correlation between these release profiles can be established. Four Q1/Q2 equivalent loteprednol etabonate ointments were prepared using different processing methods and excipient sources. The rheological parameters (crossover modulus and K value) of the four formulations were determined. The in vitro drug release testing of the four ointment formulations were performed using three different apparati (Franz diffusion cells, USP apparatus 2 with enhancer cells and USP apparatus 4 with semisolid adapters). Three models (zero order, logarithmic and the Higuchi model) were used to study the release kinetics of the ointment formulations. The transcorneal (rabbit corneas) permeation studies were performed using spherical joint Franz diffusion cells. The USP apparatus 4 method demonstrated better discriminatory ability compared to the USP apparatus 2 and the Franz diffusion cell methods. The in vitro release profiles of the four Q1/Q2 equivalent ointments with manufacturing differences showed a better fit using the Higuchi model (R
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