ArticlePloS one2018
The impact of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) on cardiac structure and function: Insights from the UK Biobank imaging enhancement study.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- A history of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in clinical practice and population science.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Reproductive Factors Linked With Myocardial Fibrosis: MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).JACC. Advances · 2023Article
- Prognostic value of a left atrioventricular coupling index in pre- and post-menopausal women from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in the UK Biobank: a major international health research resource.European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging · 2021Article
- Menopausal age and left ventricular remodeling by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging among 14,550 women.American heart journal · 2020Article
- The UK Biobank imaging enhancement of 100,000 participants: rationale, data collection, management and future directions.Nature communications · 2020Review
- Sex-Specific Differences in Survival and Heart Failure Hospitalization After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy With or Without Defibrillation.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Article
- Fatty Acid Profile of Postmenopausal Women Receiving, and Not Receiving, Hormone Replacement Therapy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Understanding Structure and Function as a Model for 21st-Century Health Care.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe effect of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT)-previously known as hormone replacement therapy-on cardiovascular health remains unclear and controversial. This cross-sectional study examined the impact of MHT on left ventricular (LV) and left atrial (LA) structure and function, alterations in which are markers of subclinical cardiovascular disease, in a population-based cohort.
methodsPost-menopausal women who had never used MHT and those who had used MHT ≥3 years participating in the UK Biobank who had undergone cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and free of known cardiovascular disease were included. Multivariable linear regression was performed to examine the relationship between cardiac parameters and MHT use ≥3 years. To explore whether MHT use on each of the cardiac outcomes differed by age, multivariable regression models were constructed with a cross-product of age and MHT fitted as an interaction term.
resultsOf 1604 post-menopausal women, 513 (32%) had used MHT ≥3 years. In the MHT cohort, median age at menopause was 50 (IQR: 45-52) and median duration of MHT was 8 years. In the non-MHT cohort, median age at menopause was 51 (IQR: 48-53). MHT use was associated with significantly lower LV end-diastolic volume (122.8 ml vs 119.8 ml, effect size = -2.4%, 95% CI: -4.2% to -0.5%; p = 0.013) and LA maximal volume (60.2 ml vs 57.5 ml, effect size = -4.5%, 95% CI: -7.8% to -1.0%; p = 0.012). There was no significant difference in LV mass. MHT use significantly modified the effect between age and CMR parameters; MHT users had greater decrements in LV end-diastolic volume, LV end-systolic volume and LA maximal volume with advancing age.
conclusionsMHT use was not associated with adverse, subclinical changes in cardiac structure and function. Indeed, significantly smaller LV and LA chamber volumes were observed which have been linked to favourable cardiovascular outcomes. These findings represent a novel approach to examining MHT's effect on the cardiovascular system.
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