ArticlePloS one2018
The influence of age, anthropometric and metabolic variables on LDIFLARE and corneal confocal microscopy in healthy individuals.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Corneal confocal microscopy for the diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Pooled it
- The Association among Corneal Nerve Metrics, Ocular Surface Integrity, and Renal Function in Type 2 Diabetes.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Ethnic and sex differences in corneal nerves and corneal epithelial cells in healthy population.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Assessing corneal dendritic cells in glucose dysregulation small-fibre neuropathy.Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS · 2024Article
- Frontiers in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in diabetic sensorimotor neuropathy (DSPN).Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Assessing and compensating for the confounding factors in Scheimpflug-based corneal densitometry.Biomedical optics express · 2022Article
- Small Fiber Neuropathy in Diabetes Polyneuropathy: Is It Time to Change?Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2022Review
- Corneal Nerve Parameter Reference Values for Chinese Adults Assessed by Corneal Confocal Microscopy.Journal of diabetes research · 2022Article
- Early Detection of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Focus on Small Nerve Fibres.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Corneal confocal microscopy identifies small fibre damage and progression of diabetic neuropathy.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Corneal Keratocyte Density and Corneal Nerves Are Reduced in Patients With Severe Obesity and Improve After Bariatric Surgery.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Corneal Subbasal Plexus in Eyes with Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy after Two Different Endothelial Surgeries.Journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Current View of Diagnosing Small Fiber Neuropathy.Journal of neuromuscular diseases · 2021Review
- Diabetic Neuropathy Is Characterized by Progressive Corneal Nerve Fiber Loss in the Central and Inferior Whorl Regions.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe laser Doppler imaging (LDI) FLARE and corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) are reliable markers of small fibre function (SFF) and structure (SFS), respectively, but the impact of potential confounding variables needs to be defined. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of age, anthropometric and biochemical variables on LDI and CCM.
methods80 healthy volunteers (43 males) (age: 39.7±15.2 yrs.) underwent LDIFLARE and CCM assessment and the effect of age, anthropometric and biochemical variables was determined using multivariate analysis.
resultsThere was an age-related decline in LDIFLARE (0.07cm2/yr; R2 = 0.669; p = <0.0001) and CCM parameters (CNFD: 0.05 fibres/mm2 /yr; R2 = 0.590; p = <0.0001, CNBD: 0.06 branches/mm2/yr; R2 = 0.549; p = 0.001and CNFL 0.07 mm/mm2/yr; R2 = 0.369; p = 0.009). BMI did not influence SFF (p = 0.08) but had a significant independent association with CNFD (p = 0.01). Fasting triglycerides (TG) independently influenced the LDIFLARE (βc:-0.204; p = 0.008) and all CCM indices (βc:-0.191 to -0.243; p = <0.05). HbA1c was significantly associated with CNFD only (p = 0.001) but not with LDIFLARE, CNBD or CNFL (p = ≥0.05). Blood pressure and total cholesterol were not associated with LDIFLARE or any CCM parameters. There was a significant correlation between LDIFLARE and all CCM parameters (p = ≤0.01).
conclusionsThis study shows that in healthy controls, both SFF measured by LDIFLARE and SFS assessed by CCM showed a significant inverse correlation with age and triglycerides, perhaps suggesting the use of age-specific normative values when interpreting these outcomes. Furthermore, this study shows that in healthy controls, despite measuring different neural parameters, both methods correlated significantly with each other.
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