ArticleNutrients2018
20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 Induce the Apoptosis and Autophagy in U937 and K562 Cells.
Article in Nutrients, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synthesis and Binding Affinity Insights of 2-Phenyl-1H-Benzimidazole Inhibitors Targeting FTO by Spectroscopic Characterization and Molecular Docking.Journal of molecular recognition : JMR · 2026Article
- Ginsenosides fromJournal of ginseng research · 2026Review
- Autophagy and Cancer: Insights into Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Anti-leukemia effects of ginsenoside monomer: A narrative review of pharmacodynamics study.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2024Review
- Roburic acid inhibits lung cancer metastasis and triggers autophagy as verified by network pharmacology, molecular docking techniques and experiments.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Ginsenoside Re prevents 3-methyladenine-induced catagen phase acceleration by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human dermal papilla cells.Journal of ginseng research · 2023Article
- Autophagy in Hematological Malignancies.Cancers · 2022Review
- Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits breast cancer cell growth via ERβ-TNFα pathway.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2022Article
- Research Progress of Natural Small-Molecule Compounds Related to Tumor Differentiation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Hugan Buzure Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Ginseng of different ages is affected by the accumulation of heavy metals in ginseng soil.PloS one · 2022Article
- Research progress of ginseng in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Article
- Metabonomic profiling of clubroot-susceptible and clubroot-resistant radish and the assessment of disease-resistant metabolites.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Ginsenoside Rh2 stimulates the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and induces apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by inhibiting mitochondrial electron transfer chain complex.Molecular medicine reports · 2021Article
- Total ginsenosides induce autophagic cell death in cervical cancer cells accompanied by downregulation of bone marrow stromal antigen-2.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Metastasis and Growth of Colon Cancer via miR-491.Journal of oncology · 2021Article
- Increased antitumor efficacy of ginsenoside RhDrug delivery · 2020Article
- Ginsenoside Rh2 represses autophagy to promote cervical cancer cell apoptosis during starvation.Chinese medicine · 2020Article
- 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 displays efficacy against T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway.Journal of ginseng research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) are common leukemia in adults. 20(S)-GRh2 is an important bioactive substance that is present in Panax ginseng. However, there are no investigations that deal with the comparison of apoptosis, the occurrence of autophagy, and the relationship between apoptosis and autophagy after being treated with 20(S)-GRh2 in AML and CML. In this study, we explored the effect of 20(S)-GRh2 on the AML and CML (U937 and K562). Fluorescence microscopy, CCK-8, Quantitative realtime PCR, Western blot, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and flow cytometric analysis were used to detect the occurrence of cell proliferation inhibition, apoptosis, and autophagy. By using the above methods, it was determined that apoptosis induced by 20(S)-GRh2 was more obvious in K562 than U937 cells and 20(S)-GRh2 could generate autophagy in K562 and U937 cells. When pretreated by a specific inhibitor of autophagy, (3-methyladenine), the 20(S)-GRh2-induced apoptosis was enhanced, which indicated that 20(S)-GRh2-induced autophagy may protect U937 and K562 cells from undergoing apoptotic cell death. On the other hand, pretreated by an apoptosis suppressor (Z-VAD-FMK), it greatly induced the autophagy and partially prevented 20(S)-GRh2 induced apoptosis. This phenomenon indicated that 20(S)-GRh2-induced autophagy may serve as a survival mechanism and apoptosis and autophagy could act as partners to induce cell death in a cooperative manner. These findings may provide a rationale for future clinical application by using 20(S)-GRh2 combined autophagy inhibitors for AML and CML.
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