Trial reportJCI insight2018
Interleukin-7 restores lymphocytes in septic shock: the IRIS-7 randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in JCI insight, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 8 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 264 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Study of Two Dosing Frequencies of Recombinant Interleukin-7 (CYT107) Treatment to Restore Absolute Lymphocyte Counts in Sepsis Patients.
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Study of IL-7 to Restore Absolute Lymphocyte Counts in Sepsis Patients
International, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Study of Recombinant Interleukin-7 (CYT107) to Restore Absolute Lymphocyte Counts (ALC) in Patients With Sepsis
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study of Recombinant Interleukin-7 (CYT107) for Immune Restoration of Hospitalized Lymphopenic Patients With Coronavirus COVID-19 Infection in UK
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study of Recombinant Interleukin-7 (CYT107) for Immune Restoration of Hospitalized Lymphopenic Patients With Coronavirus COVID-19 Infection in France and Belgium
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study of Recombinant Interleukin-7 (CYT107) for Immune Restoration of Hospitalized Lymphopenic Patients With Coronavirus COVID-19 Infection. US Oncology Cohort
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study of Recombinant Interleukin-7 (CYT107) for Immune Restoration of Hospitalized Lymphopenic Patients With Coronavirus COVID-19 Infection. US Infectious Cohort
Recombinant Human InterLeukin-7 (CYT107) to Improve Clinical Outcomes in Lymphopenic PAtients With COVID-19 Infection - "ILIAD 7 Trial" Brazil Cohort
Who cites it
264 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 391 citations in OpenAlex.
- A bibliometric and visual analysis of research trends and hotspots in sepsis-related immunosuppression (2005-2025).Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Peripheral adaptive immune cell counts and mortality in adult sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled prevalence of lymphopenia in all-cause hospitalisations and association with infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Preoperative lymphopaenia, mortality, and morbidity after elective surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of anaesthesia · 2021Pooled it
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of IL-7 in critically ill patients with COVID-19.JCI insight · 2025Trial
- Nangibotide in patients with septic shock: a Phase 2a randomized controlled clinical trial.Intensive care medicine · 2020Trial
- Persistent lymphopaenia in critically ill patients with and without sepsis: An Australian and New Zealand point prevalence study.Critical care and resuscitation : journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine · 2026Article
- Restricted TCR Diversity and Expansion of CD177MedComm · 2026Article
- Sepsis-related immunosuppression: a comprehensive review of current research breakthroughs.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Longitudinal immune-inflammatory profiles and mortality in older adults with sepsis: a multicentre prospective cohort study.Journal of intensive care · 2026Article
- NT-I7, a Long-Acting Interleukin 7, Increases Lymphocyte Counts and Induces CD8+ T-cell Clonotype Expansion in Patients with Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Gliomas.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- Inflammatory Stewardship-A Perspective for Active Management of Acute Inflammation.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Age but not sex modifies lymphoid immune responses in murine sepsis.Research square · 2026Article
- Host-directed immune therapies: a second front in the battle against sepsis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Article
- Long-acting IL-7 induces distinct transcriptomic features in peripheral T cells of patients with solid tumors.JCI insight · 2026Article
- First-week absolute lymphocyte count dynamics and 28-day mortality in older adults with sepsis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Decoding Host-Pathogen Dynamics inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Age-related differences and common pathways of lymphocyte subsets in sepsis: a comparative review of elderly and pediatric patients.Cell death & disease · 2026Review
- Regulated cell death in sepsis: reframing NETosis within the spectrum of apoptosis and inflammatory lytic death.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
204 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA defining pathophysiologic feature of sepsis is profound apoptosis-induced death and depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is an antiapoptotic common γ-chain cytokine that is essential for lymphocyte proliferation and survival. Clinical trials of IL-7 in over 390 oncologic and lymphopenic patients showed that IL-7 was safe, invariably increased CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte counts, and improved immunity.
methodsWe conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of recombinant human IL-7 (CYT107) in patients with septic shock and severe lymphopenia. Twenty-seven patients at academic sites in France and the United States received CYT107 or placebo for 4 weeks. Primary aims were to determine the safety of CYT107 in sepsis and its ability to reverse lymphopenia.
resultsCYT107 was well tolerated without evidence of inducing cytokine storm or worsening inflammation or organ dysfunction. CYT107 caused a 3- to 4-fold increase in absolute lymphocyte counts and in circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that persisted for weeks after drug administration. CYT107 also increased T cell proliferation and activation.
conclusionsThis is the first trial of an immunoadjuvant therapy targeting defects in adaptive immunity in patients with sepsis. CYT107 reversed the marked loss of CD4+ and CD8+ immune effector cells, a hallmark of sepsis and a likely key mechanism in its morbidity and mortality. CYT107 represents a potential new way forward in the treatment of patients with sepsis by restoring adaptive immunity. Such immune-based therapy should be broadly protective against diverse pathogens including multidrug resistant bacteria that preferentially target patients with impaired immunity.
trial registrationTrials registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02640807 and NCT02797431.
fundingRevimmune, NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences GM44118.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.