ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2018
Gastrointestinal toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors: from mechanisms to management.
Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Guideline
- Fatal Adverse Events Associated With Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- COLAR: open-label clinical study of IL-6 blockade with tocilizumab for the treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis and arthritis.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Trial
- A Case of Fulminant Immune-Related Enterocolitis During Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.IJU case reports · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor exposure and outcomes of gastrointestinal bleeding in cancer patients: a national analysis of 130,557 hospitalizations, 2018-2022.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Current regulatory requirements for assessment of immunogenicity for gene therapy medicinal products.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Small-molecule Cathepsin K inhibitors: a medicinal chemistry perspective.Future medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and intestinal methanogen overgrowth in gastrointestinal malignancies.Contemporary oncology (Poznan, Poland) · 2025Review
- An updated review on immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment strategies, and the role of traditional Chinese medicine.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Stomach and duodenal ulcer as a cause of death in patients with cancer: a cohort study.International journal of emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Multidisciplinary management of ulcerative colitis complicated by immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated colitis with life-threatening gastrointestinal hemorrhage: A case report.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2024Article
- New strategies in the diagnosis and treatment of immune-checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis.World journal of clinical cases · 2024Review
- An Overview of Advances in Rare Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Immunotherapy in hematologic malignancies: achievements, challenges and future prospects.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Accelerating the Evolution of Immune-Related Enterocolitis Management.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023Article
- Nivolumab-induced exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.Frontline gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Gut microbiota, an emergent target to shape the efficiency of cancer therapy.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2023Review
- Gastrointestinal injury induced by immunomodulators: A review article.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Rechallenge After Prior Immune Toxicity.Current treatment options in oncology · 2022Review
- Oral beclomethasone dipropionate is an effective treatment for immune checkpoint inhibitor induced colitis.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies are a novel group of monoclonal antibodies with proven effectiveness in a wide range of malignancies, including melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, urothelial carcinoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. Their use in a range of other indications, such as gastrointestinal and head and neck cancer, is currently under investigation. The number of agents included in this drug group is increasing, as is their use. Although they have the potential to improve the treatment of advanced malignancies, they are also associated with a substantial risk of immune-related adverse events. The incidence of gastrointestinal toxicity associated with their use is second only in frequency to dermatological toxicity. Thus, gastroenterologists can expect to be increasingly frequently consulted by oncologists as part of a multidisciplinary approach to managing toxicity. Here, we describe this novel group of agents and their mechanisms of action. We review the manifestations of gastrointestinal toxicity associated with their use so that it can be recognized early and diagnosed accurately. We also discuss the proposed mechanisms underlying this toxicity and describe an algorithmic and, wherever possible, evidence-based approach to its management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
29512649What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.