ArticleJournal of neurology2018
Secondary antibody deficiency: a complication of anti-CD20 therapy for neuroinflammation.
Article in Journal of neurology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rethinking secondary immunodeficiency: a cross-domain pathway framework for risk stratification.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Risk of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in MS patients on different disease-modifying therapies.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica: a meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2019Pooled it
- Characterisation of the safety profile of evobrutinib in over 1000 patients from phase II clinical trials in multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: an integrated safety analysis.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2023Trial
- Enterovirus Encephalitis in People With Multiple Sclerosis on Ocrelizumab: Insights From a Multicenter Case Series.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Real-world comparison of anti-CD20 therapies: efficacy, infections, and immune profiles in a German cohort.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Personalized Management of Chronic Rhinosinusitis in the Context of Immune Deficiency.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Secondary hypogammaglobulinemia and lymphocytopenia in patients with inflammatory neurological diseases on anti-CD20 therapy: risk of infection and infection-related mortality.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Treatment De-escalation in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: An Observational Study.CNS drugs · 2025Observational
- Sequelae of B-Cell Depleting Therapy: An Immunologist's Perspective.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- COVID-19 Vaccination Response in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Ofatumumab in the United States: A Medical Record Review.Neurology and therapy · 2024Article
- Real-world effectiveness, safety and immunogenicity of ocrelizumab in turkish multiple sclerosis patients: a single-center experience for 4-year follow-up.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2024Review
- Clinical and Immunological Impact of Ocrelizumab Extended Interval Dosing in Multiple Sclerosis: A Single-Center, Real-World Experience.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- T lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin and complement levels are associated with the infection status of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Article
- Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis treated with evobrutinib: A Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Article
- A Clinical Approach to Existing and Emerging Therapeutics in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2023Review
- Hypogammaglobulinemia, late-onset neutropenia, and infections following rituximab.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2023Review
- Effect of Previous Disease-Modifying Therapy on Treatment Effectiveness for Patients Treated With Ocrelizumab.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- The impact of disease-modifying therapies on immunoglobulin blood levels in patients with multiple sclerosis: a retrospective cross-sectional study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2023Article
- Rituximab-Induced Hypogammaglobulinemia and Risk of Infection in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: A 14-Year Real-Life Experience.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
B-cell depleting anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapies are being increasingly used as long-term maintenance therapy for neuroinflammatory disease compared to many non-neurological diseases where they are used as remission-inducing agents. While hypogammaglobulinaemia is known to occur in over half of patients treated with medium to long-term B-cell-depleting therapy (in our cohort IgG 38, IgM 56 and IgA 18%), the risk of infections it poses seems to be under-recognised. Here, we report five cases of serious infections associated with hypogammaglobulinaemia occurring in patients receiving rituximab for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Sixty-four per cent of the whole cohort of patients studied had hypogammaglobulinemia. We discuss the implications of these cases to the wider use of anti-CD20 therapy in neuroinflammatory disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.