Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29510720›Full record

ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2018

The hypoxic tumor microenvironment in vivo selects the cancer stem cell fate of breast cancer cells.

Hoon Kim, Qun Lin, Peter M Glazer, Zhong Yun

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Cancer stem cells in meningiomas: novel insights and therapeutic implications.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Polyamine Anabolism Promotes Chemotherapy-Induced Breast Cancer Stem Cell Enrichment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Unveiling the mechanisms and challenges of cancer drug resistance.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  18. Review
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16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Hoon KimDepartment of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, P. O. Box 208040, New Haven, CT, 06520-8040, USA.
Qun LinDepartment of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, P. O. Box 208040, New Haven, CT, 06520-8040, USA.
Peter M GlazerDepartment of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, P. O. Box 208040, New Haven, CT, 06520-8040, USA.
Zhong YunDepartment of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, P. O. Box 208040, New Haven, CT, 06520-8040, USA. zhong.yun@yale.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-4123-747X
Yale University · US

Funding

Oncometabolites, DNA Repair, and CancerR01ES005775 · NIEHS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI PETER M GLAZER · 1998 to 2026
$8.0M
Malignant and Radioresistant Nature of Hypoxic Tumor CellsR01CA178254 · NCI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI YUN, ZHONG · 2014 to 2018
$1.7M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA178254NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES005775NIH HHS R01 ES005775
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTumor hypoxia is an independent prognostic factor associated with poor patient survival. Emerging evidence suggests that hypoxia can potentially maintain or enhance the stem cell phenotype of both normal stem cells and cancer cells. However, it remains to be determined whether cell fate is regulated in vivo by the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME).

methodsWe established a hypoxia-sensing xenograft model to identify hypoxic tumor cell in vivo primarily using human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF7. Hypoxic tumor cells were identified in situ by fluorescence of green fluorescence protein. They were further isolated from xenografts, purified and sorted by flow cytometry for detailed analysis of their stem cell characteristics.

resultsWe have found that hypoxic tumor cells freshly isolated from xenografts contain increased subpopulations of tumor cells with cancer stem cell (CSC)-like characteristics. The CSC characteristics of the hypoxic tumor cells are further enhanced upon re-implantation in vivo, whereas secondary xenografts derived from the non-hypoxic tumor cells remain similar to the primary xenografts. Interestingly, the phenotypes exhibited by the hypoxic tumor cells are stable and remain distinctively different from those of the non-hypoxic tumor cells isolated from the same tumor mass even when they are maintained under the same ambient culture conditions. Mechanistically, the PI3K/AKT pathway is strongly potentiated in the hypoxic tumor cells and is required to maintain the CSC-like phenotype. Importantly, the differential cell fates between hypoxic and non-hypoxic tumor cells are only found in tumor cells isolated from the hypoxic TME in vivo and are not seen in tumor cells treated by hypoxia in vitro alone.

conclusionsThese previously unknown observations suggest that the hypoxic TME may promote malignant progression and therapy resistance by coordinating induction, selection and/or preferential maintenance of the CSC-like phenotype in tumor cells.

Indexed as

AnimalsBreast NeoplasmsCell DifferentiationCell LineageFemaleHumansMCF-7 CellsMiceNeoplastic Stem CellsTumor HypoxiaTumor MicroenvironmentXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAKTBreast cancer cellCancer stem cellCell fateHypoxiaPI3KTumor microenvironmentXenograft

Identifiers

PMID29510720
PMCPMC5840770
OpenAlexW2789886906

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.