Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29507300›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2018

A retrospective study of community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection in southwest China.

Feng Liao, Wenge Li, Wenpeng Gu, Wenzhu Zhang, Xiaoshu Liu, Xiaoqing Fu, Wen Xu, Yuan Wu, Jinxing Lu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The prevalence and molecular epidemiology ofEmerging microbes & infections · 2026
    Observational
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Comparative genomic analysis ofMicrobial genomics · 2026
    Article
  5. Frontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  6. Clinical and molecular epidemiology ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  7. Dual Fluorescent Labeling for Bacterial Aggregation Assays.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026
    Article
  8. Isolating C. difficile from Animal Samples.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Community-AcquiredInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Genomic epidemiology ofEmerging microbes & infections · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Analysis of risk factors for community-acquiredTranslational pediatrics · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. An Atypical Case of MonomicrobialFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Feng LiaoDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan province, 650022, Kunming, China.
Wenge LiState Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 102206, Beijing, China.
Wenpeng GuDepartment of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Yunnan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 650022, Kunming, China.
Wenzhu ZhangState Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 102206, Beijing, China.
Xiaoshu LiuState Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 102206, Beijing, China.
Xiaoqing FuDepartment of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Yunnan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 650022, Kunming, China.
Wen XuDepartment of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Yunnan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 650022, Kunming, China.
Yuan WuState Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 102206, Beijing, China. wuyuan@icdc.cn.
Jinxing LuState Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 102206, Beijing, China. lujinxing@icdc.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To identify the prevalence and characteristics of community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection (CA-CDI) in southwest China, we conducted a cross-sectional study. 978 diarrhea patients were enrolled and stool specimens' DNA was screened for virulence genes. Bacterial culture was performed and isolates were characterized by PCR ribotyping and multilocus sequence typing. Toxin genes tcdA and/or tcdB were found in 138/978 (14.11%) cases for fecal samples. A total of 55 C. difficile strains were isolated (5.62%). The positive rate of toxin genes and isolation results had no statistical significance between children and adults groups. However, some clinical features, such as fecal property, diarrhea times before hospital treatment shown difference between two groups. The watery stool was more likely found in children, while the blood stool for adults; most of children cases diarrhea ≤3 times before hospital treatment, and adults diarrhea >3 times. Independent risk factor associated with CA-CDI was patients with fever. ST35/RT046 (18.18%), ST54/RT012 (14.55%), ST3/RT001 (14.55%) and ST3/RT009 (12.73%) were the most distributed genotype profiles. ST35/RT046, ST3/RT001 and ST3/RT009 were the commonly found in children patients but ST54/RT012 for adults. The prevalence of CA-CDI in Yunnan province was relatively high, and isolates displayed heterogeneity between children and adults groups.

Indexed as

AdultChildChinaClostridioides difficileClostridium InfectionsCommunity-Acquired InfectionsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGenes, BacterialHumansMaleMultilocus Sequence TypingPolymerase Chain ReactionRetrospective StudiesVirulence

Identifiers

PMID29507300
PMCPMC5838233

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.