ArticleThe international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease2018
Socio-economic status and risk of tuberculosis: a case-control study of HIV-infected patients in Asia.
Article in The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- The prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of anaemia in South African pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Multiscale geographically weighted modeling of tuberculosis incidence in China: integrating geographic perspectives into epidemiological analysis.International journal of health geographics · 2025Article
- Machine Learning-based Prediction of Active Tuberculosis in People With HIV Using Clinical Data.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Predictors of quality of life of TB/HIV co-infected patients in the Northern region of Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Prevalence of pre-existing lung diseases and their association with income level among patients with lung cancer: a nationwide population-based case-control study in South Korea.BMJ open respiratory research · 2023Article
- Tuberculosis and Sexual and Reproductive Health of Women in Four African Countries.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Immunologic biomarkers, morbidity and mortality among HIV patients hospitalised in a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Brazilian Amazon.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- HIV treatment outcomes among people who acquired HIV via injecting drug use in the Asia-Pacific region: a longitudinal cohort study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Observational
- Systematic evaluation, verification and comparison of tuberculosis-related non-coding RNA diagnostic panels.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Utilisation of nutritional support scheme among the patients of tuberculosis: A myth or a truth.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2020Article
- Development and external-validation of a nomogram for predicting the survival of hospitalised HIV/AIDS patients based on a large study cohort in western China.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Does sunlight drive seasonality of TB in Vietnam? A retrospective environmental ecological study of tuberculosis seasonality in Vietnam from 2010 to 2015.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Article
- Types and Severity of Hearing Loss among Patients with Tuberculosis receiving Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment in Nigeria: A Single Center Study.Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical AssociationReview
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedERRATA.2018
Authors and funding
16 authors at 14 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
Abstract
settingTuberculosis (TB) is the most common human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related opportunistic infection and cause of acquired immune-deficiency syndrome related death. TB often affects those from a low socio-economic background.
objectiveTo assess the socio-economic determinants of TB in HIV-infected patients in Asia.
designThis was a matched case-control study. HIV-positive, TB-positive cases were matched to HIV-positive, TB-negative controls according to age, sex and CD4 cell count. A socio-economic questionnaire comprising 23 questions, including education level, employment, housing and substance use, was distributed. Socio-economic risk factors for TB were analysed using conditional logistic regression analysis.
resultsA total of 340 patients (170 matched pairs) were recruited, with 262 (77.1%) matched for all three criteria. Pulmonary TB was the predominant type (n = 115, 67.6%). The main risk factor for TB was not having a university level education (OR 4.45, 95%CI 1.50-13.17, P = 0.007). Burning wood or coal regularly inside the house and living in the same place of origin were weakly associated with TB diagnosis.
conclusionsThese data suggest that lower socio-economic status is associated with an increased risk of TB in Asia. Integrating clinical and socio-economic factors into HIV treatment may help in the prevention of opportunistic infections and disease progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.