Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29506524›Full record

ArticleBMC veterinary research2018

Crossed beaks in a local Swiss chicken breed.

Sara Joller, Flurina Bertschinger, Erwin Kump, Astrid Spiri, Alois von Rotz, Daniela Schweizer-Gorgas, Cord Drögemüller, Christine Flury

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC veterinary research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The Morphology of Cross-Beaks andAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sara JollerInstitute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Flurina BertschingerSchool of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Switzerland.
Erwin KumpProSpecieRara, Basel, Switzerland.
Astrid SpiriZüchterverein für ursprüngliches Nutzgeflügel, Neukirch an der Thur, Switzerland.
Alois von RotzDivison of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Daniela Schweizer-GorgasDivision of Clinical Radiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Cord DrögemüllerInstitute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. cord.droegemueller@vetsuisse.unibe.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9773-522X
Christine FlurySchool of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Switzerland.
University of Bern · CHBern University of Applied Sciences · CH

Funding

H. Wilhelm Schaumann Stiftung 11/2016Swiss Federal Office for Agriculture REF-1602-41303
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCrossed beaks have been reported to occur in Appenzeller Barthuhn, a local Swiss chicken breed. The assumed causes for this beak deformity which are also seen in other bird species including domestic chickens, range from environmental influences to genetic factors. The aim of this project was to characterize the prevalence, the phenotype, and the underlying genetics of crossed beaks in Appenzeller Barthuhn chickens.

resultsThe estimated prevalence of 7% crossed beaks in Appenzeller Barthuhn was significantly higher compared to two other local Swiss chicken breeds. A breeding trial showed significantly higher prevalence of offspring with deformed beaks from mating of affected parents compared to mating of non-affected parents. Examination of 77 Appenzeller Barthuhn chickens with crossed beaks showed a variable phenotype presentation. The deviation of the beak from the median plane through the head ranged from 1° to 61°. In more than 60% of the cases, the upper and lower beak were bent in the same direction, whereas the remaining cases showed different forms of crossed beaks. Computed tomographic scans and bone maceration of the head of two chickens with crossed beaks revealed that the maxilla and the mandibula were affected, while other parts of the skull appeared to be normal. The gene LOC426217, a member of the keratin family, was postulated as a candidate gene for beak deformity in domestic chickens. Sequencing of the coding region revealed two significantly associated synonymous variants for crossed beaks in Appenzeller Barthuhn chickens. A genome-wide association study and a comparative analysis of runs of homozygosity based on high-density SNP array genotyping data of 53 cases and 102 controls showed no evidence of association.

conclusionsThe findings suggest a hereditary cause of crossed beaks in Appenzeller Barthuhn chickens. However, the observed variation in the phenotype, together with the inconclusive molecular genetic results indicates the need for additional research to unravel the genetic architecture of this beak deformity.

Indexed as

AnimalsBeakChickensFemaleGenetic Association StudiesKeratinsMalePolymorphism, Single NucleotidePrevalenceSpecies SpecificitySwitzerlandKeratinsBeak deformityCongenital anomalyGWASIndigenous breedLOC426217

Identifiers

PMID29506524
PMCPMC5838925
OpenAlexW2801243080

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.