ArticleMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2018
Immunological Synapse Predicts Effectiveness of Chimeric Antigen Receptor Cells.
Article in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 106 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- Strategies and mechanisms for the enhancement of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell functions.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Optimized tandem CD19/CD20 CAR-engineered T cells in refractory/relapsed B-cell lymphoma.Blood · 2020Trial
- Super-resolution imaging reveals altered actin architecture at CAR-T cell immune synapses.The Journal of cell biology · 2026Article
- Multi-dimensional orchestration of binders for improved CAR-T immunotherapy.Cancer letters · 2026Review
- Antibody format matters: A comparative analysis of VHH and scFv domains reveals superior in vivo CAR T cell function with VHH domains.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- CAR-T cell therapy: potential for paediatric brain tumours-an update.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- Mechanobiology of CAR-T cell therapy: regulatory mechanisms and strategies for enhanced antitumor immunity.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Fate induction through asymmetric T cell division is modulated by chimeric antigen receptor costimulatory domains.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Targeting the immunological synapse in multiple myeloma.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- T-cell protrusions enable fast, localised initiation of chimeric antigen receptor signalling.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- RASA2 deletion rescues immune synapse dysfunction, enhancing CAR T cell efficacy against DMGs.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- CAR-T cell immunotherapy in rhabdomyosarcoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- CXCR4 induces memory formation over exhaustion in CAR-T cells to achieve durable leukemia targeting.Nature communications · 2026Article
- PD-1 suppresses CAR signaling by forming the inhibitory signalosome colocalizing to CAR microclusters.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Article
- The challenges and progress of CAR-T cell therapy in the treatment of solid tumors.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- CD99-mediated immunological synapse formation potentiates CAR-T cell function.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Immunological synapse: structures, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications in disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- CD2 augmentation enhances CAR-T-cell efficacy via immunological synapse remodeling and T-cell exhaustion mitigation.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Article
- Solution structure and synaptic analyses reveal determinants of bispecific T cell engager potency.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cell therapy has the potential to improve the overall survival of patients with malignancies by enhancing the effectiveness of CAR T cells. Precisely predicting the effectiveness of various CAR T cells represents one of today's key unsolved problems in immunotherapy. Here, we predict the effectiveness of CAR-modified cells by evaluating the quality of the CAR-mediated immunological synapse (IS) by quantitation of F-actin, clustering of tumor antigen, polarization of lytic granules (LGs), and distribution of key signaling molecules within the IS. Long-term killing capability, but not secretion of conventional cytokines or standard 4-hr cytotoxicity, correlates positively with the quality of the IS in two different CAR T cells that share identical antigen specificity. Xenograft model data confirm that the quality of the IS in vitro correlates positively with performance of CAR-modified immune cells in vivo. Therefore, we propose that the quality of the IS predicts the effectiveness of CAR-modified immune cells, which provides a novel strategy to guide CAR therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.