Observational studyBMJ open2018
Does physiological distribution of blood parameters in children depend on socioeconomic status? Results of a German cross-sectional study.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02550236 (Prospective Population-based Childhood Cohort Study in the Leipzig Area Investigating Genetic, Environmental, and Metabolic Factors and Their Association With the Development of Civilization Diseases), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Prospective Population-based Childhood Cohort Study in the Leipzig Area Investigating Genetic, Environmental, and Metabolic Factors and Their Association With the Development of Civilization Diseases
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bilirubin Levels in Infancy and Their Associations with Body Weight, Levels of Iron-Related Parameters and Steroid Hormone Levels.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Relation between socioeconomic status and maternal serum lipids to infant lipid concentrations and anthropometry in the first year of life.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Article
- Trajectories in physical functioning at older age in relation to childhood and adulthood SES and social mobility: a population-based cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Cystatin C relates to metabolism in healthy, pubertal adolescents.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Article
- Associations Between Socio-Economic Status and Child Health: Findings of a Large German Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesIn the present study, we examined the relation between socioeconomic status (SES) and the physiological distribution of iron-related blood parameters.
designThis is a cross-sectional analysis of longitudinal population-based cohort study.
settingBased on a sample of healthy participants from a German research centre, various blood parameters and values of clinical examinations and questionnaires were collected.
participantsA total of 1206 healthy volunteers aged 2.5 to 19 years, one child per family randomly selected, were included. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Associations between the SES of children by Winkler-Stolzenberg Index (WSI) and its dimensions (income, education, occupation) and iron-related blood parameters (haemoglobin, ferritin and transferrin) were analysed by linear regression analyses. Gender and pubertal stage were included as covariables. Additionally, associations between SES of children by WSI and physical activity (side-to-side jumps, push-ups) as well as body mass index (BMI) were analysed by linear regression analyses.
resultsChildren with high WSI or family income showed significantly increased z-scores for haemoglobin (P=0.046; P<0.001). Children with increased WSI or family income showed significantly lower z-scores for transferrin (P<0.001). There was a significant correlation between haemoglobin and gender (P<0.001) and between transferrin and pubertal stage (P=0.024). Furthermore, physical activity was positively correlated and BMI was negatively correlated with WSI (P<0.001). DISCUSSION: Our data show an association between SES and the distribution of iron-dependent parameters. Lower SES is correlated with lower values for haemoglobin and higher values for transferrin. Furthermore, we demonstrate that physical activity and BMI are associated with SES. Whereas higher SES is correlated with higher values for physical activity and lower BMI. Our parameters are standardised as z-scores with the advantages that the results are comparable across different age groups and present physiological courses. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02550236; Results.
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