ArticleParasites & vectors2018
The current insecticide resistance status of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) (Culicidae) in rural and urban areas of Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Anopheles vector distribution and malaria transmission dynamics in Gbêkê region, central Côte d'Ivoire.Malaria journal · 2023Trial
- Efficacy of InterceptorParasite (Paris, France) · 2018Trial
- Residual efficacy of standard and new-generation long-lasting insecticidal nets 3 years after mass distribution in Côte d'Ivoire.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2026Article
- Anopheles coluzzii from Sakassou, Central Côte d'Ivoire show aggravated resistance to pyrethroids and organophosphate but are fully susceptible to clothianidin.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Insecticide resistance and malaria transmission indicators in Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso: implications for vector control strategies.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- Ecological drivers of malaria vector habitat and transmission over 1 year of long-lasting insecticidal net intervention in Côte d'Ivoire.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Insecticide resistance and species diversity in Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Côte d'Ivoire.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Study on the cross-resistance of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) to deltamethrin and pyriproxyfen.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- The impact of agrochemical pollutant mixtures on the selection of insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae: insights from experimental evolution and transcriptomics.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Non-contact detection of pyrethroids widely used in vector control by Anopheles mosquitoes.PloS one · 2024Article
- Level of involvement of four selected cytochrome P450s (CYPs) in pyrethroid-resistantCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Exploring alternative insecticide delivery options in a "lethal house lure" for malaria vector control.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Species composition and insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in Ellibou, southern Côte d'Ivoire and first finding of Anopheles arabiensis in Côte d'Ivoire.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- First detection of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in Côte d'Ivoire: urbanization in question.Malaria journal · 2022Article
- The resting behavior of malaria vectors in different ecological zones of Ghana and its implications for vector control.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Rapid evolution of insecticide resistance and patterns of pesticides usage in agriculture in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Article
- Transcriptomic analysis of resistance and short-term induction response to pyrethroids, in Anopheles coluzzii legs.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- First evaluation of antibody responses to Culex quinquefasciatus salivary antigens as a serological biomarker of human exposure to Culex bites: A pilot study in Côte d'Ivoire.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
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Abstract
backgroundSeveral studies were carried out in experimental hut station in areas surrounding the city of Bouaké, after the crisis in Côte d'Ivoire. They reported increasing resistance levels to insecticide for malaria transmiting mosquitoes. The present work aims to evaluate the current resistance level of An. gambiae (s.l.) in rural and urban areas in the city of Bouaké.
methodsLarvae of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) were collected from five different study sites and reared to adult stages. The resistance status was assessed using the WHO bioassay test kits for adult mosquitoes, with eight insecticides belonging to pyrethroids, organochlorines, carbamates and organophosphates classes. Molecular assays were performed to identify the molecular forms of An. gambiae (s.l.), the L1014F kdr and the ace-1R alleles in individual mosquitoes. The synergist PBO was used to investigate the role of enzymes in resistance. Biochemical assays were performed to detect potential increased activities in mixed function oxidase (MFO) levels, non-specific esterases (NSE) and glutathione S-transferases (GST).
resultsHigh resistance levels to pyrethroids, organochlorines, and carbamates were observed in Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) from Bouaké. Mortalities ranged between 0 and 73% for the eight tested insecticides. The pre-exposure to PBO restored full or partial susceptibility to pyrethroids in the different sites. The same trend was observed with the carbamates in five sites, but to a lesser extent. With DDT, pre-exposure to PBO did not increase the mortality rate of An. gambiae (s.l.) from the same sites. Tolerance to organophosphates was observed. An increased activity of NSE and higher level of MFO were found compared to the Kisumu susceptible reference strain. Two molecular forms, S form [(An. gambiae (s.s)] and M form (An. coluzzi) were identified. The kdr allele frequencies vary from 85.9 to 99.8% for An. gambiae (s.s.) and from 81.7 to 99.6% for An. coluzzii. The ace-1R frequencies vary between 25.6 and 38.8% for An. gambiae (s.s.) and from 28.6 to 36.7% for An. coluzzii.
conclusionResistance to insecticides is widespread within both An. gambiae (s.s.) and An. coluzzii. Two mechanisms of resistance, i.e. metabolic and target-site mutation seemed to largely explain the high resistance level of mosquitoes in Bouaké. Pyrethroid resistance was found exclusively due to the metabolic mechanism.
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