ArticleNutrients2018
Prospective Associations of Maternal Dietary Patterns and Postpartum Mental Health in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Cohort: The Growing up in Singapore towards Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) Study.
Article in Nutrients, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Maternal postnatal confinement practices and postpartum depression in Chinese populations: A systematic review.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Dietary eating patterns, dairy consumption, and anxiety: A systematic literature review.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Fruit and Vegetable Dietary Patterns and Mental Health in Women: A Systematic Review.Nutrition reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Maternal Postpartum Diet and Postpartum Depression: A Systematic Review.Maternal and child health journal · 2020Pooled it
- Systematic review of the association between dietary patterns and perinatal anxiety and depression.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2019Pooled it
- Postpartum Depression and Risk Factors among Vietnamese Women.BioMed research international · 2018Trial
- The human breast milk microbiome: a landscape review of its composition, origins, and impact on infant health.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Ethnicity and antenatal maternal anxiety: associations with the human milk lipidome in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Research Progress in the Treatment of Postpartum Depression.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Trends in the prevalence of antenatal and postnatal depression in Bangladesh: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Perinatal mental health in Singapore-prevalence, knowledge, attitudes, and practices.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Maternal Fiber Intake and Perinatal Depression and Anxiety.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Article
- Maternal Depression during Pregnancy and Postpartum Period among the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Countries: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Associations between major dietary patterns and anxiety in middle-aged adults in eastern China.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Associations of Body Mass Index with Demographics, Lifestyle, Food Intake, and Mental Health among Postpartum Women: A Structural Equation Approach.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Linking What We Eat to Our Mood: A Review of Diet, Dietary Antioxidants, and Depression.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Diet in the first month postpartum, otherwise known as "the confinement diet" in Asia, has unique characteristics that are influenced by traditions, cultures, and beliefs. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns during confinement period in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort and examined their associations with postpartum depression (PPD) and anxiety (PPA). Dietary intakes of 490 women were ascertained in the first month postpartum using 3-day food diaries and dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis. Participants completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at three months' postpartum; higher scores are indicative of more depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Four dietary patterns were identified: Traditional-Chinese-Confinement diet, Traditional-Indian-Confinement diet, Eat-Out diet and Soup-Vegetables-Fruits diet. The Traditional-Indian-Confinement diet was associated with less PPD symptoms [β (95% CI) -0.62 (-1.16, -0.09) EPDS score per SD increase in diet score] and a non-significant trend with reduced probable PPD (EPDS scores ≥ 13) [OR (95% CI) 0.56 (0.31, 1.01)]. The Soup-Vegetables-Fruits diet was associated with less PPA symptoms [β (95% CI) -1.49 (-2.56, -0.42) STAI-state score]. No associations were observed for other dietary patterns. Independent of ethnicity, adherence to the Traditional-Indian-Confinement diet that is characterized by intake of herbs and legumes, and Soup-Vegetables-Fruits diet high in fruits, vegetables and fish during the postpartum period were associated with less PPD and PPA symptoms, respectively.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.