ReviewPharmacological reviews2018
Neuroimmune Axes of the Blood-Brain Barriers and Blood-Brain Interfaces: Bases for Physiological Regulation, Disease States, and Pharmacological Interventions.
Review in Pharmacological reviews, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 201 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
201 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 345 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictive value of Galectin-3 in cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
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- Neuroprotective Effects of Ethiopian Coffee Beans against Hyperglycemia-induced Brain Injury in Rats.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Hippocampal cytopathology orchestrates post-septic cognitive dysfunction.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- M2 microglial exosomal miR-1949 ameliorates sepsis-associated encephalopathy through DKK1/Wnt/β-catenin-mediated microglial repolarization.Archives of pharmacal research · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Associated IL4 Displays Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Microglial Cells.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Acute inflammation and fronto-striatal connectivity in the transition from acute to persistent fatigue after mild COVID-19: A longitudinal fMRI study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Strategies for blood-brain barrier rejuvenation and repair.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Peripheral immunochemical considerations in Parkinson disease: sources, targets and crosstalk mechanisms.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Immunotherapies for risk reduction in age-associated neurodegenerative diseases: impact of sex and treatment duration.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Acute peripheral versus central inhibition of insulin receptors differentially alters cytokine and blood-brain barrier responses to an inflammatory stimulus.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier based onBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Navigating the Ethereal Tightrope: The Nanogenerator Manipulates Neurons for Immune Equilibrium.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Systems biology of Alzheimer's Disease: a scoping review of key pathways and mechanisms.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Article
- Associations between white matter lesions, adiposity, and systemic inflammation in late adulthood: Results from the IGNITE study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Microvascular Failure in the Aging Brain: Converging Pathways of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Endothelial Decline.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Cognition, Cytokines, Blood-Brain Barrier, and Beyond in COVID-19: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
141 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) barriers predominantly mediate the immune-privileged status of the brain, and are also important regulators of neuroimmune communication. It is increasingly appreciated that communication between the brain and immune system contributes to physiologic processes, adaptive responses, and disease states. In this review, we discuss the highly specialized features of brain barriers that regulate neuroimmune communication in health and disease. In
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.