SynthesisNutrients2018
Lower Vitamin D Status Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between serum vitamin D levels and functional outcomes in ischemic stroke patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Pooled it
- New Insight into the Role of Vitamin D in the Stroke Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Stratified Data by 25(OH)D Levels.Current vascular pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the linkage between low vitamin D and the risk as well as the prognosis of stroke.Brain and behavior · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review examining the effect of vitamin D supplementation on functional outcomes post-stroke.Clinical rehabilitation · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association of a low vitamin D status with risk of post-stroke depression: A meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Vitamin D and Multiple Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Observational Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials, and Mendelian Randomization Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation and risk of stroke: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Prognostic utility of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with stroke: a meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Vitamin D and Stroke: Effects on Incidence, Severity, and Outcome and the Potential Benefits of Supplementation.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Prediction Model between Serum Vitamin D and Neurological Deficit in Cerebral Infarction Patients Based on Machine Learning.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Trial
- The interplay between vitamin D3 and Nrf2 signaling: mechanistic insights and therapeutic potentials.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Calcitriol provides neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through activation of the SIRT1 pathway.Anatomy & cell biology · 2026Article
- Vitamin D Signaling in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Clinical Implications.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the Use of Herbs, Spices, and Supplements in the Hispanic/Latino/Latina Population in Kokomo, Indiana, U.S.A.Journal of community health · 2026Article
- Serum Vitamin D Levels Were Not Associated With the Risk of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Large Cohort Study With Propensity Score Matching and Mendelian Randomization Analysis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- The association between vitamin D and restless legs syndrome following acute ischemic stroke.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- CPT1A ameliorates microglia-induced neuroinflammation via facilitating VDR succinylation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Combined 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and physical activity on mortality in US stroke survivors: findings from the NHANES.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, accumulating evidence has supported the hypothesis that lower vitamin D status is associated with several known risk factors of stroke. However, the relationship between vitamin D and stroke is still uncertain. To explore if there was an association between vitamin D status and the risk of stroke, a systematic review and a meta-analysis were conducted by searching three databases: Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, the relative risk estimates of all the included studies were pooled together to compare the risk of stroke between the lowest and the highest category of vitamin D. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool were used to assess the risk of bias, and the publication bias was detected by using a funnel plot and Egger's test. Nineteen studies were included and the pooled relative risk was 1.62 (95% CI: 1.34-1.96). Further analysis found that vitamin D status was associated with ischemic stroke (relative risk = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.56-3.86), but not with hemorrhagic stroke (relative risk = 2.50, 95% CI: 0.87-7.15). In conclusion, our meta-analysis supported the hypothesis that lower vitamin D status was associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. Further studies are required to confirm this association and to explore the association among different subtypes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.