ReviewThe Science of the total environment2018
Constructed wetlands for greywater recycle and reuse: A review.
Review in The Science of the total environment, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Greywater treatment using treatment wetland systems - five cases from Northern Europe.Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research · 2026Article
- Fabrication and Characterization of PAA‑ACS omega · 2025Article
- Towards the definition of treatment wetland pathogen log reduction credits.The Science of the total environment · 2024Review
- Treated greywater as a novel water resource: The perspective of greywater treatment for reuse from a bibliometric analysis.Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research · 2024Article
- Assessing greywater characteristics in the sahel region and perception of the local population on its reuse in agriculture.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Water treatment and reclamation by implementing electrochemical systems with constructed wetlands.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2023Article
- Greywater reuse as a key enabler for improving urban wastewater management.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2023Review
- Article
- Organic Compounds and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Behavior in Greywater Treated by a Constructed Wetland.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Change in microbial profile and environmental conditions in a constructed wetland system treating greywater.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Onsite Non-potable Reuse for Large Buildings: Environmental and Economic Suitability as a Function of Building Characteristics and Location.Water research · 2021Article
- Modeling and Economic Analysis of Greywater Treatment in Rural Areas in Jordan Using a Novel Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetland.Environmental management · 2021Article
- Optimization and economical study of electro-coagulation unit using CCD to treat real graywater and its reuse potential.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- Human Health, Economic and Environmental Assessment of Onsite Non-Potable Water Reuse Systems for a Large, Mixed-Use Urban Building.Sustainability · 2020Article
- Effects of influent salinity on water purification and greenhouse gas emissions in lab-scale constructed wetlands.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland for Greywater Treatment and Reuse: An Experimental Case.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- High performance of integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland for polishing low C/N ratio river based on a pilot-scale study in Hangzhou, China.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
- Steady-state modeling of the biodegradation performance of a multistage moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) used for on-site greywater treatment.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Concern over dwindling water supplies for urban areas as well as environmental degradation from existing urban water systems has motivated research into more resilient and sustainable water supply strategies. Greywater reuse has been suggested as a way to diversify local water supply portfolios while at the same time lessening the burden on existing environments and infrastructure. Constructed wetlands have been proposed as an economically and energetically efficient unit process to treat greywater for reuse purposes, though their ability to consistently meet applicable water quality standards, microbiological in particular, is questionable. We therefore review the existing case study literature to summarize the treatment performance of greywater wetlands in the context of chemical, physical and microbiological water quality standards. Based on a cross-section of different types of wetlands, including surface flow, subsurface flow, vertical and recirculating vertical flow, across a range of operating conditions, we show that although microbiological standards cannot reliably be met, given either sufficient retention time or active recirculation, chemical and physical standards can. We then review existing case study literature for typical water supply disinfection unit processes including chlorination, ozonation and ultraviolet radiation treating either raw or treated greywater specifically. An evaluation of effluent water quality from published wetland case studies and the expected performance from disinfection processes shows that under appropriate conditions these two unit processes together can likely produce effluent of sufficient quality to meet all nonpotable reuse standards. Specifically, we suggest that recycling vertical flow wetlands combined with ultraviolet radiation disinfection and chlorine residual is the best combination to reliably meet the standards.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.