ReviewImmunology2018
Immune responses in stroke: how the immune system contributes to damage and healing after stroke and how this knowledge could be translated to better cures?
Review in Immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07398612 (Clinical Study on the Safety and Efficacy of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes in the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 99 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Study on the Safety and Efficacy of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes in the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroinflammation strokes the brain: A double-edged sword in ischemic stroke.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Endothelial cells temporally orchestrate lymphocyte dynamics and functional outcomes after ischemic stroke.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- Neurological complications post aortic arch surgery: a state of art review.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2025Review
- Rab7a is required to degrade select blood-brain barrier junctional proteins after ischemic stroke.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- CCN1 Is a Therapeutic Target for Reperfused Ischemic Brain Injury.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Age-Related Changes in Neuroinflammation and Epigenetic Regulation in Mouse Ischemic Stroke Model.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Neuroangiogenesis potential of mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles in ischemic stroke conditions.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Unlocking the neuroprotective potential of peptide nucleic acids 5 (PNA5) in neurological diseases: molecular mechanisms to therapeutic approaches.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Diagnostic biomarkers and immune infiltration profiles common to COVID-19, acute myocardial infarction and acute ischaemic stroke using bioinformatics methods and machine learning.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Endothelial Changes at Different Stages After Ischemic Stroke Contribute to the Regulation of Immune Cell Infiltration.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Blood Oxygenation Level-Dependent Cerebrovascular Reactivity-Derived Steal Phenomenon May Indicate Tissue Reperfusion Failure After Successful Endovascular Thrombectomy.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- The Role of IL-6 in Ischemic Stroke.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- The association between precuneus cortex thickness and mild behavioral impairment in patients with mild stroke.Brain imaging and behavior · 2025Article
- Zinc alleviates stroke development through autophagy-mediated modulation of immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Temporal shifts in prognostic factors for 90- and 180-day outcomes after stroke thrombolysis: A machine learning analysis.PloS one · 2025Article
- Farrerol Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting Neuronal Survival and Reducing Neuroinflammation.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- 3,3',4,5'-Tetramethoxy-trans-stilbene and 3,4',5-trimethoxy-trans-stilbene prevent oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injury in brain endothelial cell.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Neuroprotection of Stem Cells Against Ischemic Brain Injury: From Bench to Clinic.Translational stroke research · 2024Review
- Impact of Immune Cells on Stroke Limited to Specific Subtypes: Evidence from Mendelian Randomization Study.Neurology and therapy · 2024Article
- The Involvement of Immune Cells Between Ischemic Stroke and Gut Microbiota.Translational stroke research · 2024Review
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The long-standing dogma that stroke is exclusively a vascular disease has been questioned by extensive clinical findings of immune factors that are associated mostly with inflammation after stroke. These have been confirmed in preclinical studies using experimental animal models. It is now accepted that inflammation and immune mediators are critical in acute and long-term neuronal tissue damage and healing following thrombotic and ischaemic stroke. Despite mounting information delineating the role of the immune system in stroke, the mechanisms of how inflammatory cells and their mediators are involved in stroke-induced neuroinflammation are still not fully understood. Currently, there is no available treatment for targeting the acute immune response that develops in the brain during cerebral ischaemia. No new treatment has been introduced to stroke therapy since the discovery of tissue plasminogen activator therapy in 1996. Here, we review current knowledge of the immunity of stroke and identify critical gaps that hinder current therapies. We will discuss advances in the understanding of the complex innate and adaptive immune responses in stroke; mechanisms of immune cell-mediated and factor-mediated vascular and tissue injury; immunity-induced tissue repair; and the importance of modulating immunity in stroke.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.