Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29494612›Full record

ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2018

An outbreak of Leishmania major from an endemic to a non-endemic region posed a public health threat in Iraq from 2014-2017: Epidemiological, molecular and phylogenetic studies.

Mariwan M M Al-Bajalan, Sirwan M A Al-Jaf, Sherko S Niranji, Dler R Abdulkareem, Khudhair K Al-Kayali, Hirotomo Kato

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Mariwan M M Al-BajalanDepartment of Biology- College of Education and Research Centre, University of Garmian, Kalar- Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.ORCID 0000-0002-7008-6140
Sirwan M A Al-JafDepartment of Biology- College of Education and Research Centre, University of Garmian, Kalar- Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
Sherko S NiranjiDepartment of Biology- College of Education and Research Centre, University of Garmian, Kalar- Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
Dler R AbdulkareemDepartment of Dermatology, Kalar General Hospital, Kalar- Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
Khudhair K Al-KayaliDepartment of Dermatology, Kalar General Hospital, Kalar- Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
Hirotomo KatoDivision of Medical Zoology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
Kurdistan Regional Government · IQJichi Medical University · JPUniversity of Diyala · IQ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected worldwide, zoonotic, vector-borne, tropical disease that is a threat to public health. This threat may spread from endemic to non-endemic areas. Current research has exploited epidemiological, molecular and phylogenetical studies to determine the danger of an outbreak of CL in the borderline area between northern and central Iraq from 2014-2017. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL

findingsFor the first time, using sequence analysis of the cytochrome b gene, the occurrence of CL in the borderline area between northern and central Iraq was confirmed to be due to Leishmania major. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that it was closely related to the L. major MRHO/IR/75/ER strain in Iran. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: In conclusion, the genotype confirmation of the L. major strain will improve our understanding of the epidemiology of the disease. This is important for facilitating control programs to prevent the further spread of CL. Furthermore, this area could be considered as a model for further research on the risk of global CL epidemics in other non-endemic countries where both reservoir hosts and sandfly vectors are present.

Indexed as

Disease OutbreaksEndemic DiseasesAnimalsCytochromes bDNA, ProtozoanGenotypeHumansInsect VectorsIranIraqLeishmania majorLeishmaniasis, CutaneousPhylogenyPolymerase Chain ReactionPsychodidaePublic HealthCytochromes bDNA, Protozoan

Identifiers

PMID29494612
PMCPMC5832184
OpenAlexW2790346046

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.