ArticleInfectious diseases and therapy2018
Tenofovir-Associated Bone Adverse Outcomes among a US National Historical Cohort of HIV-Infected Veterans: Risk Modification by Concomitant Antiretrovirals.
Article in Infectious diseases and therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bilateral Pathological Femoral Fractures Secondary to Long-Term Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate-Induced Osteomalacia in a Woman Living with HIV: A Case Report.International medical case reports journal · 2026Article
- Increase in bone turnover markers in HIV patients treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate combined with raltegravir or efavirenz.Bone reports · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionTenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has been associated with greater incidences of bone complications, which might be modified by some concomitantly administered antiretrovirals, possibly by their effect on tenofovir concentrations. We compared bone adverse outcomes among treatment-naïve HIV-infected US veterans initiating efavirenz (EFV)-containing TDF/emtricitabine (FTC) regimens versus those initiating non-EFV-containing TDF/FTC regimens.
methodsUsing national Veterans Health Administration clinical and administrative data sets, we identified a cohort of treatment-naïve HIV-infected veterans without bone disease who initiated therapy with TDF/FTC plus EFV, rilpivirine, elvitegravir/cobicistat, or ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors in 2003-2015. The primary composite adverse bone outcome was the unadjusted incidence rate (IR) of osteoporosis, osteopenia, or fragility fracture (any hip, wrist, or spine fracture). To account for selection bias and confounding, we used inverse probability of treatment-weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for each outcome associated with EFV + TDF/FTC versus each non-EFV-containing TDF/FTC regimen.
resultsOf 33,048 HIV-positive veterans, 7161 initiated a TDF/FTC-containing regimen (mean age, 50 years; baseline CD4 < 200 cells/mm
conclusionEFV + TDF/FTC is associated with a lower risk of adverse bone outcomes compared with other TDF-containing regimens in the VHA.
fundingBristol-Myers Squibb.
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