ArticleEndocrine2018
The associations of metabolic syndrome with incident hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease: a cohort study.
Article in Endocrine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between metabolic syndrome and uric acid: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- The association of metabolic syndrome components with chronic kidney disease in patients with hypertension: a community-based cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- A metabolic epidemic? Prevalence and sex-based disparities of metabolic alterations in the peruvian population using multiple diagnostic criteria.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Article
- Comparisons of various insulin resistance indices for new-onset metabolic syndrome before midlife: The CHIEF cohort study, 2014-2020.World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- The Optimal Cut-Points of Alanine Aminotransferase for Screening Metabolic Syndrome in Iranian Adults.International journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Metabolic syndrome and spatial disparities: The role of socioeconomic deprivation and medical resource availability in the Cijin district, Taiwan.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Effect of Physical Activity on Metabolic Syndrome Markers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Serum triglyceride levels and incidence of hypertension in a general Japanese population: ISSA-CKD study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Article
- Article
- The Effect of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Individual Components on Renal Function: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Incident Hypertension in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Predictive Value of HbA1c and Metabolic Syndrome for Renal Outcome in Non-Diabetic CKD Stage 1-4 Patients.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Influencing Factors for H-Type Hypertension Complicated with Other Chronic Diseases in a Community in Beijing.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Pre-Metabolic Syndrome and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension: From the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Application research of chronic disease health management in an urban community based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model in the long-term management of diabetes mellitus.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
- Development of an Online Health Care Assessment for Preventive Medicine: A Machine Learning Approach.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Article
- The emerging role of dyslipidemia in diabetic microvascular complications.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2020Review
- The Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Elevated Alanine Aminotransferase Levels in an Indigenous Population in Northern Taiwan: A Community-Based and Cross-Sectional Study.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2020Article
- Individual and Combined Components of Metabolic Syndrome with Chronic Kidney Disease in Individuals with Hypertension and/or Diabetes Mellitus Accompanied by Primary Health Care.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2020Article
- Noninvasive and Convenient Screening of Metabolic Syndrome Using the Controlled Attenuation Parameter Technology: An Evaluation Based on Self-Paid Health Examination Participants.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeMetabolic syndrome (MetS) has been extensively studied for its long-term health effects, typically through conventional Cox proportional hazards regression modeling of the overall association of MetS with a single outcome. Such an approach neglects the inherent links between MetS-related disease outcomes and fails to provide sufficient insights into the impact of each component of MetS over time.
methodsWe therefore conducted a retrospective cohort study of 63,680 individuals who received health check-ups at the MJ Health Screening Center in Taiwan from 1997-2005 to study the subsequent risks of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) simultaneously for MetS and its components. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox models for multiple failure outcomes.
resultsAt baseline, MetS was identified in 7835 participants. Over a median follow-up of 3 years, 8252, 1634, and 6714 participants developed hypertension, T2DM and CKD, respectively. The HR for MetS was 2.41 (95% CI 2.29-2.53) for hypertension, 5.17 (95% CI 4.68-5.71) for T2DM and 1.22 (95% CI 1.15-1.31) for CKD. Three MetS components showed the strongest association with each of the outcomes: elevated blood pressure with hypertension (HR = 3.62, 95% CI 3.46-3.79), raised fasting plasma glucose with T2DM (HR = 8.89, 95% CI 7.86-10.06) and elevated triglycerides with CKD (HR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.08-1.21).
conclusionsMetS may help identify individuals with metabolic profiles that confer incremental risks for multiple diseases. Additionally, several components of the syndrome should be considered by clinicians, as they show stronger associations with specific diseases than MetS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
29492904What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.