ArticleScience translational medicine2018
Constitutive and TNFα-inducible expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 in glioblastoma and neurospheres: Implications for CAR-T cell therapy.
Article in Science translational medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 101 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Humanized and Charge-Optimized CSPG4-Specific CAR-T Cells show Enhanced Efficacy against Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- NG2-targeting macrophages inhibit 3D invasion of patient-derived glioblastoma spheroids.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The promise of immunotherapy for central nervous system tumours.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Beyond Structure: The Dynamic Role of the Extracellular Matrix Components in Immune Evasion.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026Review
- Targeting CSPG4 enhances the anti-tumor activity of CAR-NK cells for glioblastoma.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Preclinical efficacy of multi-targeting mRNA-based CAR T cell therapy in resection models of glioblastoma.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Enhanced diagnostic potential of CSPG4 in melanoma and nevi: a comparative study with PRAME, CDC7 and Ki67.The Journal of pathology · 2025Article
- B7-H3 and CSPG4-targeted CAR T cells as potent effectors in anaplastic thyroid cancer.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- CSPG4.CAR-T Cells Modulate Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in DMD Cardiomyopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Tonic signaling in CAR-T therapy: the lever long enough to move the planet.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
- Synthesis, conformational analysis and biological activity of xylopyranosyl sulfur-containing glycosides: dependence of sulfur atom configuration.RSC advances · 2025Article
- B7-H3 and CSPG4 co-targeting as Pan-CAR-T cell treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Expression features of targets for anti-glioma CAR-T cell immunotherapy.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- CAR T cell therapy for central nervous system solid tumors: current progress and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Macrophages producing chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan-4 induce neuro-cardiac junction impairment in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.The Journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Armoring chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells as micropharmacies for cancer therapy.Immuno-oncology technology · 2024Review
- Advances in CAR-T therapy for central nervous system tumors.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) as an Emerging Target for Immunotherapy to Treat Melanoma.Cancers · 2024Review
- Nanotechnology in Advancing Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy for Cancer Treatment.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Senescence- and Immunity-Related Changes in the Central Nervous System: A Comprehensive Review.Aging and disease · 2024Review
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The heterogeneous expression of tumor-associated antigens limits the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-redirected T cells (CAR-Ts) for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). We have found that chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) is highly expressed in 67% of the GBM specimens with limited heterogeneity. CSPG4 is also expressed on primary GBM-derived cells, grown in vitro as neurospheres (GBM-NS), which recapitulate the histopathology and molecular characteristics of primary GBM. CSPG4.CAR-Ts efficiently controlled the growth of GBM-NS in vitro and in vivo upon intracranial tumor inoculation. Moreover, CSPG4.CAR-Ts were also effective against GBM-NS with moderate to low expression of CSPG4. This effect was mediated by the in vivo up-regulation of CSPG4 on tumor cells, induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) released by the microglia surrounding the tumor. Overall, the constitutive and TNFα-inducible expression of CSPG4 in GBM may greatly reduce the risk of tumor cell escape observed when targeted antigens are heterogeneously expressed on tumor cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.