ReviewGenes & development2018
Assessing sufficiency and necessity of enhancer activities for gene expression and the mechanisms of transcription activation.
Review in Genes & development, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 138 papers.
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Who cites it
138 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Loop extrusion by cohesin plays a role in enhancer-activated gene expression early in differentiation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Facilitators may represent a new class of regulatory elements.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2026Review
- The research landscape and future of targeting super-enhancers for cancer therapy: a bibliometric analysis.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Review
- Quantitative modulation of a spatial enhancer through the biophysical properties of a transcription factor binding site.Science advances · 2026Article
- Linker histone H1.5 contributes to centromere integrity.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- EnhancerMatcher: comparing cell-type-specific enhancer activity of DNA sequences using deep convolutional neural networks and explainable AI.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Integrative genomics characterizes HCC eRNAs for prognosis and targeted therapy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Unveiling the regulatory potential of the non-coding genome: Insights from the human genome project to precision medicine.Genes & diseases · 2025Review
- Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Models for Predicting Causative Regulatory Variants.Genes · 2025Article
- Modification of adipose mass by targeting distal enhancers of Ptrf.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Prediction of target genes and functional types of cis-regulatory modules in the human genome reveals their distinct properties.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Sequential activation of transcription factors promotes liver regeneration through specific and developmental enhancers.Cell genomics · 2025Article
- DNA G-quadruplex structures act as functional elements in α- and β-globin enhancers.Genome biology · 2025Article
- A suite of enhancer AAVs and transgenic mouse lines for genetic access to cortical cell types.Cell · 2025Article
- Interpreting regulatory mechanisms of Hippo signaling through a deep learning sequence model.Cell genomics · 2025Article
- Bidirectional epigenetic editing reveals hierarchies in gene regulation.Nature biotechnology · 2025Article
- Customizable gene sensing and response without altering endogenous coding sequences.Nature chemical biology · 2025Article
- Machine learning tools for deciphering the regulatory logic of enhancers in health and disease.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Review
78 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Enhancers are important genomic regulatory elements directing cell type-specific transcription. They assume a key role during development and disease, and their identification and functional characterization have long been the focus of scientific interest. The advent of next-generation sequencing and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9-based genome editing has revolutionized the means by which we study enhancer biology. In this review, we cover recent developments in the prediction of enhancers based on chromatin characteristics and their identification by functional reporter assays and endogenous DNA perturbations. We discuss that the two latter approaches provide different and complementary insights, especially in assessing enhancer sufficiency and necessity for transcription activation. Furthermore, we discuss recent insights into mechanistic aspects of enhancer function, including findings about cofactor requirements and the role of post-translational histone modifications such as monomethylation of histone H3 Lys4 (H3K4me1). Finally, we survey how these approaches advance our understanding of transcription regulation with respect to promoter specificity and transcriptional bursting and provide an outlook covering open questions and promising developments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.