ReviewEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2018
Immunological and toxicological risk assessment of e-cigarettes.
Review in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemical Profiles and Toxicity of Electronic Cigarettes: An Umbrella Review and Methodological Considerations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Literature Review of E-Cigarette-Related Illness and Injury: Not Just for the Respirologist.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Reductions in biomarkers of exposure to selected harmful and potentially harmful constituents following exclusive and partial switching from combustible cigarettes to mybluInternal and emergency medicine · 2022Trial
- Knowledge, attitude, practice and policy support of college students toward electronic cigarette use: a nationwide multicentric study in Iran.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Viable, Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria Recovered from E-Liquids Used with Commercial Electronic Cigarettes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Exploring the influence of vaping on the pharmacokinetic fate of inhaled therapeutics.Archives of toxicology · 2025Review
- Reply to Sussman et al. Comment on "Svarch-Pérez et al. Methods for a Non-Targeted Qualitative Analysis and Quantification of Benzene, Toluene, and Xylenes by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of E-Liquids and Aerosols in Commercially Available Electronic Cigarettes in Mexico.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Chronic airway inflammatory diseases and e-cigarette use: a review of health risks and mechanisms.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- E-Cigarette effects on oral health: A molecular perspective.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2025Review
- E-cigarettes in Nigeria: A scoping review of evidence.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Ethics and ENDS.Tobacco control · 2023Article
- Nicotine promotes e-cigarette vapour-induced lung inflammation and structural alterations.The European respiratory journal · 2023Article
- The relationship between the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and effects on pulmonary immune responses-a literature review.Environmental research · 2023Review
- Preliminary toxicological assessment of heated tobacco products: A review of the literature and proposed strategy.Toxicology reports · 2023Review
- Evidence for the coupling of refill liquids content and new particle formation in electronic cigarette vapors.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Risk and safety profile of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS): an umbrella review to inform ENDS health communication strategies.Tobacco control · 2022Article
- Tobacco product use and the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19: current understanding and recommendations for future research.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2022Review
- Review
- Vaping in Asthmatic Adolescents: Time to Deal with the Elephant in the Room.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Concepts of advanced therapeutic delivery systems for the management of remodeling and inflammation in airway diseases.Future medicinal chemistry · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Knowledge of the long-term toxicological and immunological effects of e-cigarette (e-cig) aerosols remains elusive due to the relatively short existence of vaping. Therefore, we performed a systematic search of articles published in public databases and analysed the research evidence in order to provide critical information regarding e-cig safety. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (or e-cigs) are an alternative to traditional cigarettes for the delivery of nicotine and are typically filled with glycerol or propylene glycol-based solutions known as e-liquids. Though present in lower quantities, e-cig aerosols are known to contain many of the harmful chemicals found in tobacco smoke. However, due to the paucity of experimental data and contradictory evidence, it is difficult to draw conclusive outcomes regarding toxicological, immunological and clinical impacts of e-cig aerosols. Excessive vaping has been reported to induce inflammatory responses including mitogen-activated protein kinase, Janus tyrosine kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription and nuclear factor-κB signalling, similar to that induced by tobacco smoke. Based on recent evidence, prolonged exposure to some constituents of e-cig aerosols might result in respiratory complications such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and inflammation. Future studies are warranted that focus on establishing correlations between e-cig types, generations and e-liquid flavours and immunological and toxicological profiles to broaden our understanding about the effects of vaping.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.