ArticleJournal of applied oral science : revista FOB2018
Analysis of the antimicrobial and anti-caries effects of TiF4 varnish under microcosm biofilm formed on enamel.
Article in Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intraoral fluoride retention after using experimental toothpaste containing titanium tetrafluoride and chitosan.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Trial
- Article
- Preventing Oral Dual Biofilm Development with Innovative Bioactive Varnishes.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Article
- Comparison of TiF4, CPP-ACP, and NaF in preventing demineralization in irradiated bovine enamel and dentin in vitro.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2025Article
- Influence of irradiated dentin, biofilm and different artificial saliva formulations on root dentin demineralization.Heliyon · 2024Article
- In vitro effect of TiF4/NaF solution on the development of radiation-induced dentin caries.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2024Article
- Nickel Release and the Viability of Streptococcus mutans Corresponding to Low Risk of Dental Caries in Artificial Saliva Containing Orthodontic Appliances: In Vitro Study.Turkish journal of orthodontics · 2022Article
- Characterization of white spot lesions formed on human enamel under microcosm biofilm for different experimental periods.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2022Article
- In-vitro evaluation of the anti-cariogenic effect of a hybrid coating associated with encapsulated sodium fluoride and stannous chloride in nanoclays on enamel.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2022Article
- Root Caries Preventive Effect of Varnishes Containing Fluoride or Fluoride + Chlorhexidine/Cetylpyridinium Chloride In Vitro.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Protective effect of titanium tetrafluoride and silver diamine fluoride on radiation-induced dentin caries in vitro.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Characterization and effect of nanocomplexed fluoride solutions on the inhibition of enamel demineralization created by a multispecies cariogenic biofilm model.Clinical oral investigations · 2020Article
- Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Myracrodruon urundeuva All. and Qualea grandiflora Mart. leaves on the viability and activity of microcosm biofilm and on enamel demineralization.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2019Article
- Comparison between static and semi-dynamic models for microcosm biofilm formation on dentin.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) is known for interacting with enamel reducing demineralization. However, no information is available about its potential antimicrobial effect.
objectivesThis study evaluated the antimicrobial and anti-caries potential of TiF4 varnish compared to NaF varnish, chlorhexidine gel (positive control), placebo varnish and untreated (negative controls) using a dental microcosm biofilm model. MATERIAL AND
methodsA microcosm biofilm was produced on bovine enamel previously treated with the varnishes, using inoculum from human saliva mixed with McBain saliva, under 0.2% sucrose exposure, for 14 days. All experiments were performed in biological triplicate (n=4/group in each experiment). Factors evaluated were: bacterial viability (% dead and live bacteria); CFU counting (log10 CFU/mL); and enamel demineralization (transverse microradiography - TMR). Data were analysed using ANOVA/Tukey's test or Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn's test (p<0.05).
resultsOnly chlorhexidine significantly increased the number of dead bacteria (68.8±13.1% dead bacteria) compared to untreated control (48.9±16.1% dead bacteria). No treatment reduced the CFU counting (total microorganism and total streptococci) compared to the negative controls. Only TiF4 was able to reduce enamel demineralization (ΔZ 1110.7±803.2 vol% μm) compared to both negative controls (untreated: ΔZ 4455.3±1176.4 vol% μm).
conclusionsTiF4 varnish has no relevant antimicrobial effect. Nevertheless, TiF4 varnish was effective in reducing enamel demineralization under this model.
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Registered trials
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