ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2018
Impact of Florida's prescription drug monitoring program and pill mill law on high-risk patients: A comparative interrupted time series analysis.
Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs and Prescription Opioid-Related Outcomes in the United States.Epidemiologic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- A Rapid Review of the Impact of Systems-Level Policies and Interventions on Population-Level Outcomes Related to the Opioid Epidemic, United States and Canada, 2014-2018.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Pooled it
- Examining Statewide Opioid Prescribing Limits and Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Mandates: Provider Compliance and Patient Outcomes.AJPM focus · 2026Article
- Corticosteroid use, bone density screening, and the influence of insurance in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a retrospective analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Regulating quasi-legal markets: Evidence from pain management clinic laws.Journal of public economics · 2025Article
- Tramadol use in U.S. Adults With Commercial Health Insurance, 2005-2021.American journal of preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Systematic Identification and Categorization of Opioid Prescribing and Dispensing Policies in 16 States and Washington, DC.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2023Article
- The effect of pill mill legislation on suicides.Health services research · 2022Article
- Medicaid expansion and opioid supply policies to address the opioid overdose crisis.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2022Article
- The effect of state policies on rates of high-risk prescribing of an initial opioid analgesic.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Impact of Three Safety Interventions Targeting Off-Label Use of Immediate-Release Fentanyl on Prescription Trends: Interrupted Time Series Analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Prescription Opioid Laws and Opioid Dispensing in US Counties: Identifying Salient Law Provisions With Machine Learning.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2021Article
- Changes in early high-risk opioid prescribing practices after policy interventions in Washington State.Health services research · 2021Article
- Association of Electronic Prescribing of Controlled Substances With Opioid Prescribing Rates.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- State-level prescription drug monitoring program mandates and adolescent injection drug use in the United States, 1995-2017: A difference-in-differences analysis.PLoS medicine · 2020Article
- The state of the science in opioid policy research.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Review
- The Association of State Opioid Misuse Prevention Policies With Patient- and Provider-Related Outcomes: A Scoping Review.The Milbank quarterly · 2020Article
- Opioid prescribing patterns among medical providers in the United States, 2003-17: retrospective, observational study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Observational
- A predictive risk model for nonfatal opioid overdose in a statewide population of buprenorphine patients.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Article
- Healthcare costs and utilization associated with high-risk prescription opioid use: a retrospective cohort study.BMC medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe quantified the effects of Florida's prescription drug monitoring program and pill mill law on high-risk patients.
methodsWe used QuintilesIMS LRx Lifelink data to identify patients receiving prescription opioids in Florida (intervention state, N: 1.13 million) and Georgia (control state, N: 0.54 million). The preintervention, intervention, and postintervention periods were July 2010 to June 2011, July 2011 to September 2011, and October 2011 to September 2012. We identified 3 types of high-risk patients: (1) concomitant users: patients with concomitant use of benzodiazepines and opioids; (2) chronic users: long-term, high-dose, opioid users; and (3) opioid shoppers: patients receiving opioids from multiple sources. We compared changes in opioid prescriptions between Florida and Georgia before and after policy implementation among high-risk/low-risk patients. Our monthly measures included (1) average morphine milligram equivalent per transaction, (2) total opioid volume across all prescriptions, (3) average days supplied per transaction, and (4) total number of opioid prescriptions dispensed.
resultsAmong opioid-receiving individuals in Florida, 6.62% were concomitant users, 1.96% were chronic users, and 0.46% were opioid shoppers. Following policy implementation, Florida's high-risk patients experienced relative reductions in morphine milligram equivalent (opioid shoppers: -1.08 mg/month, 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.62 to -0.54), total opioid volume (chronic users: -4.58 kg/month, CI -5.41 to -3.76), and number of dispensed opioid prescriptions (concomitant users: -640 prescriptions/month, CI -950 to -340). Low-risk patients generally did not experience statistically significantly relative reductions.
conclusionsCompared with Georgia, Florida's prescription drug monitoring program and pill mill law were associated with large relative reductions in prescription opioid utilization among high-risk patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.