Trial reportJournal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)2018
A simplified ultrasonography-guided approach for neurotoxin injection into the obliquus capitis inferior muscle in spasmodic torticollis.
Trial report in Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dystonia 3×3: A Training Guideline for Beginners in Botulinum Neurotoxin Treatment of Cervical Dystonia.Toxins · 2026Guideline
- EMG versus US: a randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy in guiding botulinum toxin treatment in cervical dystonia.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2025Trial
- Review
- Article
- Pivotal role of obliquus capitis inferior in torticaput revealed by single-photon emission computed tomography.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2022Article
- Localization of the Center of the Intramuscular Nerve Dense Region of the Suboccipital Muscles: An Anatomical Study.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- The Role of Ultrasound for the Personalized Botulinum Toxin Treatment of Cervical Dystonia.Toxins · 2021Review
- Accuracy of non-guided versus ultrasound-guided injections in cervical muscles: a cadaver study.Journal of neurology · 2021Article
- Treatment of Dystonia: Medications, Neurotoxins, Neuromodulation, and Rehabilitation.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The obliquus capitis inferior (OCI) muscle may be crucially involved in generating the tremulous component of spasmodic torticollis. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of a simplified ultrasonography-guided approach of botulinum neurotoxin injection into the OCI in the management of spasmodic torticollis. Here, a novel off-plane technique of ultrasonography-guided botulinum neurotoxin injection into the OCI is demonstrated on video. We investigated its effect in five patients with tremulous torticollis with only partial response to conventional injection technique not injecting OCI. On ultrasonography the OCI and its neighboring structures (greater occipital nerve, vertebrae C1 and C2) were clearly displayed. Unlike the previously proposed approach with axial OCI imaging and in-plane medio-lateral needle insertion, we applied here an off-plane needle insertion technique. With this, the ultrasonography guidance of needle insertion was easier using the sagittal imaging plane rather than the axial plane. Compared to botulinum neurotoxin injection into more superficial neck muscles only, additional ultrasonography-guided botulinum neurotoxin injection into the OCI led to a higher benefit (self-rated improvement of cervical dystonia, p = 0.026, Mann-Whitney test), especially of the tremulous component (p = 0.007), even though the total botulinum neurotoxin dose was not changed. We conclude that selected patients with tremulous torticollis may benefit from botulinum neurotoxin injection into the OCI.
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