ArticleScientific reports2018
Nano-scale mechanisms explain the stiffening and strengthening of ligament tissue with increasing strain rate.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Collagen Mechanics.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Unraveling positive deformation rate-elongation relationships in tough and highly stretchable ionogels under rapid deformation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Towards a reduced order model of the periodontal ligament.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cellular mechanisms of traumatic brain injury.npj biological physics and mechanics · 2025Review
- Investigation of the rate-mediated form-function relationship in biological puncture.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Damage Mechanics of Biological Tissues in Relation to Viscoelasticity.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2023Article
- Exploring the Mechanical Properties and Performance of Type-I Collagen at Various Length Scales: A Progress Report.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Strain rate induced toughening of individual collagen fibrils.Applied physics letters · 2022Article
- Substantial Achilles adaptation following strength training has no impact on tendon function during walking.PloS one · 2021Article
- Viscoelastic characteristics of the canine cranial cruciate ligament complex at slow strain rates.PeerJ · 2020Article
- Elastin-Dependent Aortic Heart Valve Leaflet Curvature Changes During Cyclic Flexure.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ligament failure is a major societal burden causing disability and pain. Failure is caused by trauma at high loading rates. At the macroscopic level increasing strain rates cause an increase in failure stress and modulus, but the mechanism for this strain rate dependency is not known. Here we investigate the nano scale mechanical property changes of human ligament using mechanical testing combined with synchrotron X-ray diffraction. With increasing strain rate, we observe a significant increase in fibril modulus and a reduction of fibril to tissue strain ratio, revealing that tissue-level stiffening is mainly due to the stiffening of collagen fibrils. Further, we show that the reduction in fibril deformation at higher strain rates is due to reduced molecular strain and fibrillar gaps, and is associated with rapid disruption of matrix-fibril bonding. This reduction in number of interfibrillar cross-links explains the changes in fibril strain; this is verified through computational modelling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.