ArticleScientific reports2018
Molecular detection of colistin resistance genes (mcr-1, mcr-2 and mcr-3) in nasal/oropharyngeal and anal/cloacal swabs from pigs and poultry.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guts of healthy humans, livestock, and pets harbor critical-priority and high-risk Escherichia coli clones.Epidemiology and health · 2025Pooled it
- Colistin Resistance in Bacteria: Current Updates on Mechanism of Action and Combating Strategies.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026Review
- Colistin Resistance Mechanism and Management Strategies of Colistin-ResistantPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- A Health Threat from Farm to Fork: Shiga Toxin-ProducingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Population structure and antibiotic resistance of swine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from China.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Investigation ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- A Review on Colistin Resistance: An Antibiotic of Last Resort.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- A Review of Resistance to Polymyxins and Evolving Mobile Colistin Resistance Gene (Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Mobile Colistin Resistance (Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- First Known Report ofInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Genomic traits of multidrug resistant enterotoxigenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- High Fecal Prevalence ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in non-typhoidalVeterinary world · 2022Article
- Detection ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Prevalence of polymyxin resistance through the food chain, the global crisis.The Journal of antibiotics · 2022Review
- Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance and ESBL production in Escherichia coli from clinically healthy and sick pigs.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Molecular Detection of Colistin ResistanceAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Global epidemiology, genetic environment, risk factors and therapeutic prospects ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Overview of polymyxin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 10 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance against colistin has emerged worldwide and is threatening the efficacy of colistin treatment of multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, PCRs were used to detect mcr genes (mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3) in 213 anal and 1,339 nasal swabs from pigs (n = 1,454) in nine provinces of China, and 1,696 cloacal and 1,647 oropharyngeal samples from poultry (n = 1,836) at live-bird markets in 24 provinces. The mcr-1 prevalences in pigs (79.2%) and geese (71.7%) were significantly higher than in chickens (31.8%), ducks (34.6%) and pigeons (13.1%). The mcr-2 prevalence in pigs was 56.3%, significantly higher than in chickens (5.5%), ducks (2.3%), geese (5.5%) and pigeons (0%). The mcr-3 prevalences in pigs (18.7%), ducks (13.8%) and geese (11.9%) were significantly higher than in chickens (5.2%) and pigeons (5.1%). In total, 173 pigs and three chickens were positive for all three mcr genes. The prevalences of the mcr were significantly higher in nasal/oropharyngeal swabs than in the anal /cloacal swabs. Phylogenetic studies identified 33 new mcr-2 variants and 12 new mcr-3 variants. This study demonstrates high prevalences of mcr in pigs and poultry in China, and indicates there is need for more thorough surveillance and control programs to prevent further selection of colistin resistance.
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