ReviewThe Lancet. Infectious diseases2018
Enterovirus D68 and acute flaccid myelitis-evaluating the evidence for causality.
Review in The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 125 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
125 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Global prevalence and case fatality rate of Enterovirus D68 infections, a systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical Characteristics of Enterovirus D68 Respiratory Disease in Colorado Children Over a Decade: 2014-2025.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2026Article
- Genomic surveillance of enterovirus D68 circulating in 2025 reveals the emergence of a novel A2/B3 recombinant lineage.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Article
- Enterovirus D68 Detected in Hospitalized Children With Severe Acute Respiratory Infections in Zambia.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Discovery of non-nucleoside inhibitors of the enterovirus D68 3D polymerase through crystallographic fragment and high-throughput biochemical screening.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Molecular surveillance and genomic characterization of enterovirus D68 in southern Portugal, 2024-2025.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Enterovirus D68 B3 clade strains are efficiently recovered from cDNA infectious clones in 293T cells and infect human spinal cord organoids.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Circulation Patterns, Genetic Diversity, and Public Health Implications of Enterovirus D68, Europe, 2014-2024.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Article
- Implementation and outcomes of a rapid response genomic hospital epidemiology programme at an academic medical centre over 7 years.The Lancet. Microbe · 2026Review
- Replication not required: mRNA vaccines take on non-enveloped viruses.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Development of enterovirus transencapsidation assays as tools to understand viral entry.The Journal of general virology · 2025Article
- Spinal Cord Injury in Enterovirus D68 Infection: Mechanisms and Pathophysiology in a Mouse Model.Viruses · 2025Article
- Wastewater monitoring allows the detection of uncommon and highly pathogenic enterovirus types.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Enhanced genomic surveillance of enteroviruses reveals a surge in enterovirus D68 cases, the Johns Hopkins health system, Maryland, 2024.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive analysis of acute flaccid paralysis with and without myelitis in Taiwanese children.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- MFSD6 is an entry receptor for enterovirus D68.Nature · 2025Article
- Outbreak of Enterovirus D68 in Young Children, Brescia, Italy, August to November 2024.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Acute flaccid myelitis in Europe between 2016 and 2023: indicating the need for better registration.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Increased circulation of enterovirus D68 in 2014 and 2016 temporally and geographically coincided with increases in cases of acute flaccid myelitis, an uncommon condition of paralysis due to lesions in the anterior horn of the spinal cord. The identification of enterovirus D68 in respiratory specimens from cases of acute flaccid myelitis worldwide further supports an association, yet the absence of direct virus isolation from affected tissues, infrequent detection in cerebrospinal fluid, and the absence, until recently, of an animal model has left the causal nature of the relationship unproven. In this Personal View we evaluate epidemiological and biological evidence linking enterovirus D68 and acute flaccid myelitis. We applied the Bradford Hill criteria to investigate the evidence for a causal relationship and highlight the importance of comprehensive surveillance and research to further characterise the role of enterovirus D68 in acute flaccid myelitis and pursue effective therapies and prevention strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.