ReviewJournal of hematology & oncology2018
Lessons learned from the blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy.
Review in Journal of hematology & oncology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 234 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
234 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 389 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety analysis of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced triple-negative breast cancer: an umbrella meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Risk factors for checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis in lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors for EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer: a network meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Pulmonary Toxicity Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Based Therapy: Current Perspectives and Future Directions.Drug safety · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Cancer medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Immune-Related Pneumonitis Was Decreased by Addition of Chemotherapy with PD-1/L1 Inhibitors: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs).Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Pooled it
- Treatment-Related Serious Adverse Events of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of a programmed cell death 1 inhibitor combined with oxaliplatin plus S-1 in patients with Borrmann large type III and IV gastric cancers.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Trial
- Clinical activity of durvalumab for patients with advanced mismatch repair-deficient and repair-proficient endometrial cancer. A nonrandomized phase 2 clinical trial.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Trial
- Genipin-Crosslinked, Silane-Anchored 3D Tumor-Stroma Microtissues for High-Content On-Chip Drug Testing.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors as adjuvant treatment for acral melanomas.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Article
- Enhancing soluble expression and purification of a bispecific scFv antibody inResearch in pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Article
- The hypoxic ECM and neutrophils in MIBC immunotherapy resistance.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Comprehensive analysis identifies PKMYT1 as an oncogene and potential prognostic and immunological biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Repurposing Itraconazole in Combination with Chemotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor for Cancer.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Role of HPV and Hormone in Cervical Precancer and Cancer: Molecular Pathophysiology and Cell Biology of Disease and Treatment.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Reconceptualizing glioblastoma immunotherapy: a four-pillar framework to overcome multidimensional resistance.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Identification of a Novel Subtype-Derived Prognostic Signature Based on Nucleotide Metabolism-Related Molecular Classification for Predicting Lung Adenocarcinoma Prognosis.International journal of genomics · 2026Article
- Novel PD-L1 Small-Molecule Inhibitors Advancing Cancer Immunotherapy.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Peripheral blood biomarkers in PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy: distinguishing predictive from prognostic biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
174 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The advent of immunotherapy, especially checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy, has provided novel and powerful weapons against cancer. Because only a subset of cancer patients exhibit durable responses, further exploration of the mechanisms underlying the resistance to immunotherapy in the bulk of cancer patients is merited. Such efforts may help to identify which patients could benefit from immune checkpoint blockade. Given the existence of a great number of pathways by which cancer can escape immune surveillance, and the complexity of tumor-immune system interaction, development of various combination therapies, including those that combine with conventional therapies, would be necessary. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms by which resistance to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy occurs, and outline how actionable combination strategies may be derived to improve clinical outcomes for patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.