Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29481610›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2018

Characterization of clinically used oral antiseptics as quadruplex-binding ligands.

David R Calabrese, Katherine Zlotkowski, Stephanie Alden, William M Hewitt, Colleen M Connelly, Robert M Wilson, Snehal Gaikwad, Lu Chen, Rajarshi Guha, Craig J Thomas and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Light-Activated Molecules Targeting G-Quadruplex Nucleic Acids.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  2. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Machine Learning Informs RNA-Binding Chemical Space.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2023
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Arene Ru(II) Complexes Acted as PotentialMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Probing theMedChemComm · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

David R CalabreseChemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
Katherine ZlotkowskiChemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
Stephanie AldenChemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
William M HewittChemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
Colleen M ConnellyChemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
Robert M WilsonChemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
Snehal GaikwadLaboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-4258, USA.
Lu ChenDivision of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Rajarshi GuhaDivision of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Craig J ThomasDivision of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Beverly A MockLaboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-4258, USA.
John S SchneeklothChemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
National Cancer Institute · USNational Center for Advancing Translational Sciences · US

Funding

Identification of Nucleic Acid Binding Small MoleculesZIABC011585 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI SCHNEEKLOTH, JOHN · 2014 to 2025
$18.6M
Preclinical Testing of HDAC, mTOR and MYC InhibitorsZIABC011065 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI MOCK, BEVERLY · 2009 to 2025
$10.6M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Approaches to characterize the nucleic acid-binding properties of drugs and druglike small molecules are crucial to understanding the behavior of these compounds in cellular systems. Here, we use a Small Molecule Microarray (SMM) profiling approach to identify the preferential interaction between chlorhexidine, a widely used oral antiseptic, and the G-quadruplex (G4) structure in the KRAS oncogene promoter. The interaction of chlorhexidine and related drugs to the KRAS G4 is evaluated using multiple biophysical methods, including thermal melt, fluorescence titration and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays. Chlorhexidine has a specific low micromolar binding interaction with the G4, while related drugs have weaker and/or less specific interactions. Through NMR experiments and docking studies, we propose a plausible binding mode driven by both aromatic stacking and groove binding interactions. Additionally, cancer cell lines harbouring oncogenic mutations in the KRAS gene exhibit increased sensitivity to chlorhexidine. Treatment of breast cancer cells with chlorhexidine decreases KRAS protein levels, while a KRAS gene transiently expressed by a promoter lacking a G4 is not affected. This work confirms that known ligands bind broadly to G4 structures, while other drugs and druglike compounds can have more selective interactions that may be biologically relevant.

Indexed as

G-QuadruplexesAnti-Infective Agents, LocalBinding SitesCell Line, TumorCell SurvivalChlorhexidineDNAGene ExpressionHumansLigandsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyPromoter Regions, GeneticProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Small Molecule LibrariesSurface Plasmon ResonanceAnti-Infective Agents, LocalChlorhexidineDNAKRAS protein, humanLigandsProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Small Molecule Libraries

Identifiers

PMID29481610
PMCPMC5888870
OpenAlexW2790048952

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.