SynthesisMedicine2018
Association of maternal diabetes with autism spectrum disorders in offspring: A systemic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preexisting diabetes and gestational diabetes as risk factors for autism spectrum disorder: an umbrella review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Association Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA pediatrics · 2023Pooled it
- How Do the Different Types of Maternal Diabetes during Pregnancy Influence Offspring Outcomes?Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- The association between gestational diabetes and ASD and ADHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Maternal acute and chronic inflammation in pregnancy is associated with common neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review.Translational psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Maternal excessive gestational weight gain as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder in offspring: a systematic review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Pooled it
- Neurocognitive and behavioural outcomes in offspring exposed to maternal pre-existing diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetologia · 2019Pooled it
- Fetal programming of neuropsychiatric disorders by maternal pregnancy depression: a systematic mini review.Pediatric research · 2019Pooled it
- Sterol pathway disruption in pregnancy: a link to autism.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Altered Intestinal Neurotransmission in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Expanding the Molecular Landscape of the Gut-Brain Axis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- Early Assessment of Neurodevelopmental Scales Correlates With Positive M-CHAT Screening in 24-Month-Old Infants.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Article
- GDM-Related Neurodevelopmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders in the Mothers and Their Progeny, and the Underlying Mechanisms.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Is maternal diabetes associated with autism spectrum disorder and ADHD in the offspring? A short review.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Review
- Gestational diabetes mellitus and offspring health: A 12-year register-based analysis of specialized health care utilization in Finland.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Exploring the association between gestational diabetes exposure and mental and behavioural disorders in offspring: the Finnish gestational diabetes (FinnGeDi) register-based study.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Prenatal Glucose Intolerance and Child Neurodevelopmental Disorders.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- From Womb to Mind: Prenatal Epigenetic Influences on Mental Health Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Folate prevents the autism-related phenotype caused by developmental pyrethroid exposure in prairie voles.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Associations between maternal gestational diabetes mellitus and offspring cerebral palsy: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Translational pediatrics · 2024Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Studies on the association of maternal diabetes with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in offspring provide inconsistent findings; therefore an updated and comprehensive literature review and meta-analysis is necessary to perform in order to evaluate the available evidences.After searching databases systematically, we established the inclusion criteria and selected the eligible studies. In both overall and stratified analyses, the estimated effects were synthesized dependent on the presence or absence of heterogeneity.Twelve articles involving 16 studies were included and synthesized, demonstrating a significant association of maternal diabetes with ASDs among children (relative risk [RR] = 1.48). However, high heterogeneity was observed (I = 56.3%) and publication bias was identified. In terms of the analyses on reliable evidences from case-control studies, heterogeneity and publication bias disappeared, and the risk of ASDs was increased by 62% among diabetic mothers compared with non-diabetic mothers.Maternal diabetes, especially gestational diabetes mellitus, is associated with ASDs in offspring based on a limited number of convincing case-control studies. More large-scale population-based prospective studies are still needed to draw firm conclusions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.