ReviewCancer science2018
Roles of protein kinase R in cancer: Potential as a therapeutic target.
Review in Cancer science, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- An integrative machine learning and structure-driven drug repositioning strategy for human IRAK4-targeted cancer therapy.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Oncogenic H-Ras Reprograms Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) Cell-Derived Midbody Remnant Proteome Following Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.Proteomics · 2026Article
- Deciphering the multifaceted role of double-stranded RNA sensor protein kinase R: pathophysiological function beyond the antiviral response.RNA biology · 2025Review
- Protein kinase R regulates pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression by modulating the cell cycle via GADD45A.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sterile activation of RNA-sensing pathways in autoimmunity.Journal of molecular cell biology · 2024Review
- PKR associates with 4.1R to promote anchorage-independent growth of hepatocellular carcinoma and lead to poor prognosis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Versatile Roles of nc886, a Fascinating and Peculiar Regulatory Non-Coding RNA, in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Activation of protein kinase receptor (PKR) plays a pro-viral role in mammarenavirus-infected cells.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α kinase 2 in pancreatic cancer: An approach towards managing clinical prognosis and molecular immunological characterization.Oncology letters · 2023Article
- Propofol Induces the Expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 inTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- PKR-Mediated Phosphorylation of eIF2a and CHK1 Is Associated with Doxorubicin-Mediated Apoptosis in HCC1143 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- CircRNA-CREIT inhibits stress granule assembly and overcomes doxorubicin resistance in TNBC by destabilizing PKR.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2022Article
- RNA-Seq Analysis of the Key Long Noncoding RNAs and mRNAs Related to the Regulation of Acute Heat Stress in Rainbow Trout.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Mechanism of herpesvirus protein kinase UL13 in immune escape and viral replication.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Oocyte age and preconceptual alcohol use are highly correlated with epigenetic imprinting of a noncoding RNA (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Advanced bioinformatic analysis and pathway prediction of NSCLC cells upon cisplatin resistance.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Hiltonol Cocktail Kills Lung Cancer Cells by Activating Cancer-Suppressors, PKR/OAS, and Restraining the Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Salidroside induces cell apoptosis and inhibits the invasiveness of HT29 colorectal cells by regulating protein kinase R, NF-κB and STAT3.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2021Article
- Protein Kinase R in Bacterial Infections: Friend or Foe?Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Double-stranded (ds) RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is a ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine protein kinase. It was initially identified as an innate immune antiviral protein induced by interferon (IFN) and activated by dsRNA. PKR is recognized as a key executor of antiviral host defense. Moreover, it contributes to inflammation and immune regulation through several signaling pathways. In addition to IFN and dsRNA, PKR is activated by multiple stimuli and regulates various signaling pathways including the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells pathways. PKR was initially thought to be a tumor suppressor as a result of its ability to suppress cell growth and interact with major tumor suppressor genes. However, in several types of malignant disease, such as colon and breast cancers, its role remains controversial. In hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the main cause of liver cancer, and PKR inhibits HCV replication, indicating its role as a tumor suppressor. However, PKR is overexpressed in cirrhotic patients, and acts as a tumor promoter through enhancement of cancer cell growth by mediating MAPK or signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways. Moreover, PKR is reportedly required for the activation of inflammasomes and influences metabolic disorders. In the present review, we introduce the multifaceted roles of PKR such as antiviral function, tumor cell growth, regulation of inflammatory immune responses, and maintaining metabolic homeostasis; and discuss future perspectives on PKR biology including its potential as a therapeutic target for liver cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.