SynthesisBMJ open2018
Evaluation of Mediterranean diet adherence scores: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
113 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Gender and sex differences in adherence to a Mediterranean diet and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Sustainability Dimensions of the Mediterranean Diet: A Systematic Review of the Indicators Used and Its Results.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Adherence to the Mediterranean diet among adults in Mediterranean countries: a systematic literature review.European journal of nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Relation to All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019Pooled it
- Mediterranean Diet and Cardiodiabesity: A Systematic Review through Evidence-Based Answers to Key Clinical Questions.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Article
- Mediterranean Diet and Physical Exercise for Cardiometabolic Health: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- A Short Questionnaire for Evaluating Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Nutritional Sustainability: Validation in Turkish Adults.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026Article
- The Challenges of Performing Controlled Trials of Diet Therapies in Gastroenterology.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Review
- Review
- Observational
- Cross-country variability in Mediterranean lifestyle adherence and its psychosocial and behavioural correlates: insights from the MEDIET4ALL project across 10 Mediterranean and neighboring countries.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- A voluntary code of conduct for promoting adherence to the Mediterranean diet: rationale and propositions.Journal of nutritional science · 2026Article
- Dietary ecological momentary assessments: validation against food diaries and associations with health biomarkers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Multifactorial determinants of health status: insights from the MEDIET4ALL large-scale survey on eco-sociodemographic, psychological, and lifestyle (diet, physical activity, and sleep) factors.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease.Cardiovascular research · 2025Review
- Development of a Mediterranean Diet Recipe Index (MedRI).Nutrients · 2025Article
53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this review was to evaluate the conceptual suitability, applicability and psychometric properties of scores used internationally to measure adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD).
designThis was a systematic review to identify original articles that examined some aspects of the conceptual suitability, applicability or psychometric properties of the MD adherence score. Electronic searches were carried out on the international databases MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE (from January 1980 to 31 December 2015). ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: The study included original articles that examined some aspects of the conceptual suitability, applicability or psychometric properties of the MD adherence score. The studies where MD adherence scores were administered but did not bring forward any evidence about their performance related to conceptual suitability, applicability or psychometric properties were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION: Information relating to the scales was extracted in accordance with the quality criteria defined by the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Medical Outcomes Trust for measurement of health results and the quality criteria recommended by Terwee: (1) conceptual, (2) applicability and (3) psychometric properties. Three authors independently extracted information from eligible studies.
resultsTwenty-seven studies were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria, yielding 28 MD adherence scores. The results showed that evidence is scarce and that very few scores fulfilled the applicability parameters and psychometric quality. The scores developed by Panagiotakos
conclusionsScores measuring adherence to MD are useful tools for identifying the dietary patterns of a given population. However, further information is required regarding existing scores. In addition, new instruments with greater conceptual and methodological rigour should be developed and evaluated for their psychometric properties.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.