Observational studyCardiovascular diabetology2018
Long-term visit-to-visit glycemic variability as predictor of micro- and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: The Rio de Janeiro Type 2 Diabetes Cohort Study.
Observational study in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between glycated hemoglobin variability and risk of diabetic kidney disease and diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Glycemic variability of glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: a latest systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Long-term HbA1c variability and macro-/micro-vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis update.Acta diabetologica · 2023Pooled it
- Higher glucose fluctuation is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease: Insights from pooled results among patients with diabetes.Journal of diabetes · 2023Pooled it
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022Guideline
- Insulin Degludec Versus Insulin Glargine on Glycemic Variability in Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Time in range, as measured by continuous glucose monitor, as a predictor of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2022Pooled it
- Comparison of efficacy and safety of insulin degludec/liraglutide and insulin glargine U-100/lixisenatide in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus using professional continuous glucose monitoring.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2024Trial
- Baseline risk markers and visit-to-visit variability in relation to kidney outcomes - A post-hoc analysis of the PERL study.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2022Trial
- Effect of Dapagliflozin as an Add-on Therapy to Insulin on the Glycemic Variability in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DIVE): A Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Randomized Study.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2021Trial
- Glycemic variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome: liraglutide compared with insulin glargine: a pilot study.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Article
- Beyond HbA1c: A CGM-centred three-pillar framework for glycaemic variability in pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Review
- Linking glucose swings and mental health to cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in general practice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Establishing optimal cut-offs of cardio-metabolic indices for diagnosing metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Reduced rates of diabetic retinopathy complications with use of continuous glucose monitoring.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Variability in HbA1c and the risk of major clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease: Post hoc analysis from the CREDENCE trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Dynamic changes in metabolic syndrome components and chronic kidney disease risk: a population-based prospective cohort study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Impact of glycemic control metrics on short- and long-term mortality in transcatheter aortic valve replacement patients: a retrospective cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLong-term visit-to-visit glycemic variability is an additional measure of glycemic control. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of several measures of glycemic variability for the occurrence of micro- and macrovascular complications, and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.
methods654 individuals were followed-up over a median of 9.3 years. Glycemic variability (SDs and coefficients of variation of HbA
resultsDuring follow-up, 128 patients had a CVE (96 MACE), and 158 patients died (67 from cardiovascular diseases); 152 newly-developed or worsened diabetic retinopathy, 183 achieved the renal composite outcome (89 newly developed microalbuminuria and 91 deteriorated renal function), and 96 newly-developed or worsened peripheral neuropathy. Glycemic variability, particularly the 24-month parameters either estimated by HbA
conclusionsLong-term visit-to-visit glycemic variability is an additional and frequently a better glycemic parameter than mean HbA
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.