ReviewJournal of nephrology2018
Immunosuppression in pregnant women with renal disease: review of the latest evidence in the biologics era.
Review in Journal of nephrology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- A best-practice position statement on pregnancy after kidney transplantation: focusing on the unsolved questions. The Kidney and Pregnancy Study Group of the Italian Society of Nephrology.Journal of nephrology · 2018Guideline
- A review of immunosuppressive therapy in the context of uterine VCA and pregnancy.Frontiers in transplantation · 2026Review
- Family planning after transplantation: sex- and organ-related differences in the perception of medical counseling and social challenges.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Article
- The Effects of Cancer Immunotherapy on Fertility: Focus on Hematological Malignancies.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- [Outcome of neonates born to mothers with chronic kidney disease].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2023Review
- Impact of Glucocorticoids on Cardiovascular System-The Yin Yang Effect.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- Planned Pregnancy in Kidney Transplantation. A Calculated Risk.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- Maternal, foetal and child consequences of immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy in women with organ transplant: a review.Clinical kidney journal · 2021Review
- Multicentric study comparing cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil and azathioprine in the maintenance therapy of lupus nephritis: 8 years follow up.Journal of nephrology · 2021Article
- Immunosuppressive and Immunomodulating Therapy for Atopic Dermatitis in Pregnancy: An Appraisal of the Literature.Dermatology and therapy · 2020Review
- Rapamycin and dexamethasone during pregnancy prevent tuberous sclerosis complex-associated cystic kidney disease.JCI insight · 2020Article
- Does Abatacept Induce Testicular Toxicity?Archives of rheumatology · 2020Article
- Susac Syndrome and Pregnancy.Case reports in neurological medicine · 2020Article
- Pregnancy Among Women with Kidney Transplantation: A 20-Years Single-Center Registry.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2019Article
- Fetal Toxicity of Immunosuppressive Drugs in Pregnancy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2018Review
- Approach to Glomerular Disease in Pregnancy.Indian journal of nephrologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Care of pregnant woman, including fertility and procreation counseling, has become a significant part of the nephrological practice in the last years. In this context, the management of immunosuppression assumes a primary role both for autoimmune diseases and for post-transplant follow up. The present review analyzes the latest evidence on immunosuppressive drugs of current use in nephrology and kidney transplantation. Although the placenta inactivates prednisone and prednisolone, it is advisable to limit the dose to the minimal effective one, to prevent side effects. Azathioprine is generally the immunosuppressive of choice in many high-risk pregnancies in autoimmune diseases because of the safety profile and its steroid-sparing property. In lupus nephropathy, hydroxychloroquine is a current indication in the prevention of flares. Cyclosporine and tacrolimus can also be used as steroid-sparing agents as well as in post-transplant maintenance therapy. Experience on mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors is limited and its use during pregnancy is still controversial even if initial positive data are emerging. Intravenous immunoglobulins are safe and represent an important option for relapses of lupus and vasculitis. Mycophenolate mofetil and cyclophosphamide are to avoid. An important part is reserved to biologic agents, which are having a huge impact on therapy protocols for several pathologies. Data on the utilization of these molecules during pregnancy, however, are still scant and therefore they do not yet allow a definitive evaluation of their safety profile.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.