ReviewUpsala journal of medical sciences2018
Human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL) as a biomarker of acute infections.
Review in Upsala journal of medical sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elevated Fecal Biomarkers of Colo-Rectal Epithelial Cell Activity in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Trial
- Lipocalin 2: a double-edged sword in cellular ferroptosis.Cell biology and toxicology · 2026Review
- The association of epicardial adipose tissue thickness and human neutrophil lipocalin with mitral annular calcification.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- Human neutrophil lipocalin, procalcitonin, c-reactive protein, and leucocyte count for prediction of bacterial sepsis in emergency department patients.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- The immunosuppressive role of neutrophils in infectious and oncological conditions: A study of chemokine receptor CXCR3 and human neutrophil lipocalin levels.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Predictive value of cytokines combined with human neutrophil lipocalinin acute ischemic stroke-associated pneumonia.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Hematologic cancers and infections: how to detect infections in advance and determine the type?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- A Prospective Comparative Study on the Clinical Diagnostic Performance of Blood Inflammatory Markers in Acute Appendicitis.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin for differentiation of bacterial meningitis from tuberculous meningitis or cryptococcal meningitis: a prospective cohort study.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Post-Traumatic Stress Response and Appendicitis in Children-Clinical Usefulness of Selected Biomarkers.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Plasma Lipocalin-2 as a Predictor of Etiology and Severity in Adult Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin in Synovial Fluid from Horses with and without Septic Arthritis.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- A Host-Directed Approach to the Detection of Infection in Hard-to-Heal Wounds.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Utility of Human Neutrophil Lipocalin as a Diagnosing Biomarker of Prosthetic Joint Infection: A Clinical Pilot Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- A cross-sectional cohort study of the activity and turnover of neutrophil granulocytes in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2021Article
- The role of lipocalin-2 in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2020Review
- Hemogram study of an artificially feeding tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis).Experimental animals · 2020Article
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduce Corneal Fibrosis and Inflammation via Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Delivery of miRNA.Stem cells translational medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The early and accurate discrimination between bacterial and viral causes of acute infections is the key to a better use of antibiotics and will help slow down the fast-growing resistance to commonly used antibiotics. This discrimination is in the vast majority of cases possible to achieve by blood assay of the biomarker human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL), which we showed to be uniquely increased in patients suffering from bacterial infections. In serum, sensitivities and specificities of >90% are achieved in both adults and children. In order to eliminate the need to produce serum, a whole-blood assay with an assay time of <10 min was developed in which blood neutrophils are activated to release HNL. The diagnostic accuracy of this assay also showed sensitivities and specificities of >90% in most infectious diseases and was clearly superior to contemporary assays such as blood neutrophil counts, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and expression of CD64 on blood neutrophils. This format lends itself to the development of a point-of-care HNL assay and will be a major step forward to accomplish the goal of accurately diagnosing patients with symptoms of acute infections within 10 min at the emergency room or at the doctor's office.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.