Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29472785›Full record

ReviewSaudi journal of biological sciences2018

Honey: Single food stuff comprises many drugs.

Shahid Ullah Khan, Syed Ishtiaq Anjum, Khaista Rahman, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Wasim Ullah Khan, Sajid Kamal, Baharullah Khattak, Ali Muhammad, Hikmat Ullah Khan

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Saudi journal of biological sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04347382 (The Role of Honey and Nigella Sativa in the Management of COVID-19; A Randomized Controlled, Open-label, Add-on Trial in Pakistan), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04347382 phase3completednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

The Role of Honey and Nigella Sativa in the Management of COVID-19; A Randomized Controlled, Open-label, Add-on Trial in Pakistan

TypeinterventionalSponsorSohaib AshrafRan2020 to 2020Enrolled313ConditionsCoronavirus Infection, Sars-CoV2ArmsHoney, Nigella Sativa / Black Cumin, Placebos
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 167 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Green synthesis of CuDiscover nano · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Bee products as alternatives in the treatment of viral infections.Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Shahid Ullah KhanHuazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
Syed Ishtiaq AnjumDepartment of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
Khaista RahmanDepartment of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Mohammad Javed AnsariDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Wasim Ullah KhanSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat- Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
Sajid KamalSchool of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
Baharullah KhattakDepartment of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
Ali MuhammadHuazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
Hikmat Ullah KhanDepartment of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Huazhong Agricultural University · CNKohat University of Science and Technology · PKQuaid-i-Azam University · PKJiangnan University · CNKing Saud University · SASun Yat-sen University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Honey is a natural food item produced by honey bees. Ancient civilizations considered honey as a God gifted prestigious product. Therefore, a huge literature is available regarding honey importance in almost all religions. Physically, honey is a viscous and jelly material having no specific color. Chemically, honey is a complex blend of many organic and inorganic compounds such as sugars, proteins, organic acids, pigments, minerals, and many other elements. Honey use as a therapeutic agent is as old as human civilization itself. Prior to the appearance of present day drugs, honey was conventionally used for treating many diseases. At this instant, the modern research has proven the medicinal importance of honey. It has broad spectrum anti-biotic, anti-viral and anti-fungal activities. Honey prevents and kills microbes through different mechanism such as elevated pH and enzyme activities. Till now, no synthetic compound that works as anti-bacterial, anti-viral and anti-fungal drugs has been reported in honey yet it works against bacteria, viruses and fungi while no anti-protozoal activity has been reported. Potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancerous activities of honey have been reported. Honey is not only significant as anti-inflammatory drug that relieve inflammation but also protect liver by degenerative effects of synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs. This article reviews physico-chemical properties, traditional use of honey as medicine and mechanism of action of honey in the light of modern scientific medicinal knowledge.

Indexed as

ChemistryHoneyMechanism of actionMedicinal valuePhysical properties

Identifiers

PMID29472785
PMCPMC5815988
OpenAlexW2747865299

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.