ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2018
Real-time imaging of DNA loop extrusion by condensin.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 458 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
458 citing papers in PubMed, 871 citations in OpenAlex.
- Condensin complexes: from chromatin organization to disease.Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) · 2026Review
- Structure and function of the centromere and inner kinetochore.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Review
- Cross-species incompatibilities offer new insights into the functional consequences of satellite DNA evolution.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2026Review
- Cohesin promotes genomic stability by suppressing unequal sister chromatid exchange.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Submolecular video-imaging of the Smc5/6 complex topologically bound to DNA.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Bridging-driven condensation by eukaryotic SMC complexes is a conserved feature of genome organization.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Article
- Current Challenges of Transcription Compartmentalization Research.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Pioneer transcription factors direct tissue-specific cohesin chromatin entry and three-dimensional genome organization.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Obstacle bypassing and intrinsically asymmetric loop extrusion in the segment-capture model of Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes complexes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Smc5/6 uses its head-NSE module to preferentially associate with ssDNA gaps and ss-dsDNA junctions.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- A modular framework for automated segmentation and analysis of AFM imaging of chromatin organization.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- RepliSage: a stochastic graph-based framework for 3D chromatin modeling across the cell cycle.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Structural basis of condensin II activation.Research square · 2026Article
- Dual phosphoregulatory mechanisms of condensin I revealed by biochemical reconstitution.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- A high-resolution 3D genome map of kiwifruit provides insights into chromatin architecture and transcriptional activity.Horticulture research · 2026Article
- Chromosome segregation in a minimal bacterial cell driven by SMC protein complexes.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- The Polymers of Life: Exploring Cellular Function Through Polymer Concepts.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Bacterial 3D genome architecture: organization, regulation, and synthetic biology applications.Genome biology · 2026Review
- Transcription and cohesin direct domain boundary spatial positioning and are linked to Friedreich's ataxia.Molecular cell · 2026Article
398 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that SMC protein complexes such as condensin and cohesin spatially organize chromosomes by extruding DNA into large loops. We directly visualized the formation and processive extension of DNA loops by yeast condensin in real time. Our findings constitute unambiguous evidence for loop extrusion. We observed that a single condensin complex is able to extrude tens of kilobase pairs of DNA at a force-dependent speed of up to 1500 base pairs per second, using the energy of adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis. Condensin-induced loop extrusion was strictly asymmetric, which demonstrates that condensin anchors onto DNA and reels it in from only one side. Active DNA loop extrusion by SMC complexes may provide the universal unifying principle for genome organization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.