ArticleThe Lancet. Global health2018
Tuberculosis control interventions targeted to previously treated people in a high-incidence setting: a modelling study.
Article in The Lancet. Global health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Cytomegalovirus Infection and Tuberculosis Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Economic and modeling evidence for tuberculosis preventive therapy among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Evaluating systematic targeted universal testing for tuberculosis in primary care clinics of South Africa: A cluster-randomized trial (The TUTT Trial).PLoS medicine · 2023Trial
- Towards ending tuberculosis in South Africa: an uncertainty analysis of the programmes and factors most critical to future declines.Global health action · 2026Article
- A Point-of-Care Prediction Tool for Recurrent Tuberculosis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Recurrent Pulmonary Tuberculosis in China, 2005 to 2021.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Tuberculin skin test surveys and the Annual Risk of Tuberculous Infection in school children in Northern KwaZulu-Natal.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Integrating Molecular Diagnostics and GIS Mapping: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Understanding Tuberculosis Disease Dynamics in South Africa Using Xpert MTB/RIF.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Yield of Facility-based Targeted Universal Testing for Tuberculosis With Xpert and Mycobacterial Culture in High-Risk Groups Attending Primary Care Facilities in South Africa.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Spatially-targeted tuberculosis screening has limited impact beyond household contact tracing in Lima, Peru: A model-based analysis.PloS one · 2023Article
- Article
- Gaps and Interventions across the Diagnostic Care Cascade of TB Patients at the Level of Patient, Community and Health System: A Qualitative Review of the Literature.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Review
- Diagnosing Tuberculosis: What Do New Technologies Allow Us to (Not) Do?Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases · 2022Review
- Achieving a "step change" in the tuberculosis epidemic through comprehensive community-wide intervention: a model-based analysis.BMC medicine · 2021Article
- High Rates of Recurrent Tuberculosis Disease: A Population-level Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Diagnostic accuracy of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for active tuberculosis in clinical practice at a tertiary general hospital.Annals of translational medicine · 2020Article
- Cost-effectiveness of post-treatment follow-up examinations and secondary prevention of tuberculosis in a high-incidence setting: a model-based analysis.The Lancet. Global health · 2020Article
- Factors associated with diagnostic delay in recurrent TB.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Closing gaps in the tuberculosis care cascade: an action-oriented research agenda.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2020Review
- Blood transcriptional biomarkers for active pulmonary tuberculosis in a high-burden setting: a prospective, observational, diagnostic accuracy study.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2020Observational
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn high-incidence settings, recurrent disease among previously treated individuals contributes substantially to the burden of incident and prevalent tuberculosis. The extent to which interventions targeted to this high-risk group can improve tuberculosis control has not been established. We aimed to project the population-level effect of control interventions targeted to individuals with a history of previous tuberculosis treatment in a high-incidence setting.
methodsWe developed a transmission-dynamic model of tuberculosis and HIV in a high-incidence setting with a population of roughly 40 000 people in suburban Cape Town, South Africa. The model was calibrated to data describing local demography, TB and HIV prevalence, TB case notifications and treatment outcomes using a Bayesian calibration approach. We projected the effect of annual targeted active case finding in all individuals who had previously completed tuberculosis treatment and targeted active case finding combined with lifelong secondary isoniazid preventive therapy. We estimated the effect of these targeted interventions on local tuberculosis incidence, prevalence, and mortality over a 10 year period (2016-25).
findingsWe projected that, under current control efforts in this setting, the tuberculosis epidemic will remain in slow decline for at least the next decade. Additional interventions targeted to previously treated people could greatly accelerate these declines. We projected that annual targeted active case finding combined with secondary isoniazid preventive therapy in those who previously completed tuberculosis treatment would avert 40% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 21-56) of incident tuberculosis cases and 41% (16-55) of tuberculosis deaths occurring between 2016 and 2025.
interpretationIn this high-incidence setting, the use of targeted active case finding in combination with secondary isoniazid preventive therapy in previously treated individuals could accelerate decreases in tuberculosis morbidity and mortality. Studies to measure cost and resource implications are needed to establish the feasibility of this type of targeted approach for improving tuberculosis control in settings with high tuberculosis and HIV prevalence.
fundingNational Institutes of Health, German Research Foundation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.