ArticleActa neuropathologica communications2018
Type 2 diabetes impairs odour detection, olfactory memory and olfactory neuroplasticity; effects partly reversed by the DPP-4 inhibitor Linagliptin.
Article in Acta neuropathologica communications, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors alleviate cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Lipids in health and disease · 2023Pooled it
- Olfactory dysfunction in obesity and type 2 diabetes: mechanistic insights from preclinical models.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Up regulated hippocampal insulin pathway and oxidative stress are related to opposite changes in olfaction and episodic memory in a compensatory metabolic syndrome model in rats.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Restoring Brain Pathways Involved in Diabetes-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: The Potential of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors as a Therapeutic Strategy.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Interleukin-1β depresses neuronal activity in the rat olfactory bulb even during odor stimulation.PloS one · 2025Article
- Risk Factors for Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology · 2024Article
- The Molecular Mechanisms of the Relationship between Insulin Resistance and Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Teneligliptin Co-Infusion Alleviates Morphine Tolerance by Inhibition of Spinal Microglial Cell Activation in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Gestational diabetes mellitus increased the number of dopaminergic neurons in the olfactory bulb of rat offspring.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2023Article
- Regulation of Metabolic Health by an "Olfactory-Hypothalamic Axis" and Its Possible Implications for the Development of Therapeutic Approaches for Obesity and T2D.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- Olfactory dysfunction in type II diabetes: Therapeutic options and lessons learned from other etiologies - A scoping review.Primary care diabetes · 2022Article
- Environmental Air Pollution and Olfactory Decline in Aging.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Article
- Alterations of Cerebral Blood Flow and Its Connectivity in Olfactory-Related Brain Regions of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Olfactory Dysfunction: A Complication of Diabetes or a Factor That Complicates Glucose Metabolism? A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- The Stroke-Induced Increase of Somatostatin-Expressing Neurons is Inhibited by Diabetes: A Potential Mechanism at the Basis of Impaired Stroke Recovery.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2021Article
- Relationships between Cognitive Function and Odor Identification, Balance Capability, and Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged Persons with and without Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2021Article
- Functional Integration of Adult-Generated Neurons in Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki Rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Article
- Predictors of Olfactory Decline in Aging: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2020Article
- Western Diet Accelerates the Impairment of Odor-Related Learning and Olfactory Memory in the Mouse.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2020Article
- Olfactory Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats is Associated with miR-146a Overexpression and Inflammation.Neurochemical research · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent data suggest that olfactory deficits could represent an early marker and a pathogenic mechanism at the basis of cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, research is needed to further characterize olfactory deficits in diabetes, their relation to cognitive decline and underlying mechanisms.The aim of this study was to determine whether T2D impairs odour detection, olfactory memory as well as neuroplasticity in two major brain areas responsible for olfaction and odour coding: the main olfactory bulb (MOB) and the piriform cortex (PC), respectively. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) are clinically used T2D drugs exerting also beneficial effects in the brain. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether DPP-4i could reverse the potentially detrimental effects of T2D on the olfactory system.Non-diabetic Wistar and T2D Goto-Kakizaki rats, untreated or treated for 16 weeks with the DPP-4i linagliptin, were employed. Odour detection and olfactory memory were assessed by using the block, the habituation-dishabituation and the buried pellet tests. We assessed neuroplasticity in the MOB by quantifying adult neurogenesis and GABAergic inhibitory interneurons positive for calbindin, parvalbumin and carletinin. In the PC, neuroplasticity was assessed by quantifying the same populations of interneurons and a newly identified form of olfactory neuroplasticity mediated by post-mitotic doublecortin (DCX) + immature neurons.We show that T2D dramatically reduced odour detection and olfactory memory. Moreover, T2D decreased neurogenesis in the MOB, impaired the differentiation of DCX+ immature neurons in the PC and altered GABAergic interneurons protein expression in both olfactory areas. DPP-4i did not improve odour detection and olfactory memory. However, it normalized T2D-induced effects on neuroplasticity.The results provide new knowledge on the detrimental effects of T2D on the olfactory system. This knowledge could constitute essentials for understanding the interplay between T2D and cognitive decline and for designing effective preventive therapies.
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