ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2018
Toxoplasma gondii alters NMDAR signaling and induces signs of Alzheimer's disease in wild-type, C57BL/6 mice.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between microbiological risk factors and neurodegenerative disorders: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- A mechanistic framework linking the oral microbiome to Alzheimer's disease through neuroinflammation.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Review
- Targeting the cGAS-STING pathway alleviates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment induced by chronic infection of Toxoplasma gondii.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Phosphorylated tau exhibits antimicrobial activity capable of neutralizing herpes simplex virus 1 infectivity in human neurons.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- BFD2 mediates inflammation, apoptosis, and pre-anxiety-like behaviors induced by acute Toxoplasma gondii infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Beyond Latency: ChronicBiomedicines · 2025Review
- The Role of Genetic, Environmental, and Dietary Factors in Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- No evidence of Alzheimer's disease pathology in mice infected with Toxocara canis.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2025Article
- Potential of Nanoparticle based Antimicrobial Drug Repurposing to Efficiently Target Alzheimer's: A Concise Update on Evidence-based Research and Challenges Ahead.Current drug discovery technologies · 2025Review
- Toxoplasma gondii Infection of Alzheimer's Disease Mice Reduces Brain Amyloid Density Globally and Regionally.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- A review of the roles of pathogens in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Toxoplasma-induced behavior changes - is microbial dysbiosis the missing link?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Pathological mechanisms of glial cell activation and neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders caused byFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Alzheimer's disease and infectious agents: a comprehensive review of pathogenic mechanisms and microRNA roles.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- The detection of Toxoplasma gondii ME49 infections in BALB/c mice using various techniques.Parasites, hosts and diseases · 2023Article
- T cell exhaustion is associated with cognitive status and amyloid accumulation in Alzheimer's disease.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Chronic infection by atypicalBrain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2023Article
- Latent toxoplasmosis impairs learning and memory yet strengthens short-term and long-term hippocampal synaptic plasticity at perforant pathway-dentate gyrus, and Schaffer collatterals-CA1 synapses.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Dimethyl itaconate ameliorates the deficits of goal-directed behavior in Toxoplasma gondii infected mice.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with cognitive decline and complete loss of basic functions. The ubiquitous apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infects up to one third of the world's population and is implicated in AD.
methodsWe infected C57BL/6 wild-type male and female mice with 10 T. gondii ME49 cysts and assessed whether infection led to behavioral and anatomical effects using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, cell culture assays, as well as an array of mouse behavior tests.
resultsWe show that T. gondii infection induced two major hallmarks of AD in the brains of C57BL/6 male and female mice: beta-amyloid (Aβ) immunoreactivity and hyperphosphorylated Tau. Infected mice showed significant neuronal death, loss of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) expression, and loss of olfactory sensory neurons. T. gondii infection also caused anxiety-like behavior, altered recognition of social novelty, altered spatial memory, and reduced olfactory sensitivity. This last finding was exclusive to male mice, as infected females showed intact olfactory sensitivity.
conclusionsThese results demonstrate that T. gondii can induce advanced signs of AD in wild-type mice and that it may induce AD in some individuals with underlying health problems.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.