Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29470121›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of public health2018

Disparities in Distribution of Particulate Matter Emission Sources by Race and Poverty Status.

Ihab Mikati, Adam F Benson, Thomas J Luben, Jason D Sacks, Jennifer Richmond-Bryant

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 175 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
175citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

175 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. PMScience advances · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
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  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Observational
  14. Article
  15. Differential effects of neighborhood ambient PMInternational journal of health geographics · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Ambient Air Pollution and COVID-19 in California.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

115 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ihab MikatiIhab Mikati and Adam F. Benson are participants in the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education research training program stationed with the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Thomas J. Luben, Jason D. Sacks, and Jennifer Richmond-Bryant are staff members with the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Adam F BensonIhab Mikati and Adam F. Benson are participants in the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education research training program stationed with the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Thomas J. Luben, Jason D. Sacks, and Jennifer Richmond-Bryant are staff members with the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Thomas J LubenIhab Mikati and Adam F. Benson are participants in the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education research training program stationed with the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Thomas J. Luben, Jason D. Sacks, and Jennifer Richmond-Bryant are staff members with the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Jason D SacksIhab Mikati and Adam F. Benson are participants in the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education research training program stationed with the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Thomas J. Luben, Jason D. Sacks, and Jennifer Richmond-Bryant are staff members with the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Jennifer Richmond-BryantIhab Mikati and Adam F. Benson are participants in the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education research training program stationed with the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Thomas J. Luben, Jason D. Sacks, and Jennifer Richmond-Bryant are staff members with the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC.

Funding

Intramural EPA EPA999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo quantify nationwide disparities in the location of particulate matter (PM)-emitting facilities by the characteristics of the surrounding residential population and to illustrate various spatial scales at which to consider such disparities.

methodsWe assigned facilities emitting PM in the 2011 National Emissions Inventory to nearby block groups across the 2009 to 2013 American Community Survey population. We calculated the burden from these emissions for racial/ethnic groups and by poverty status. We quantified disparities nationally and for each state and county in the country.

resultsFor PM of 2.5 micrometers in diameter or less, those in poverty had 1.35 times higher burden than did the overall population, and non-Whites had 1.28 times higher burden. Blacks, specifically, had 1.54 times higher burden than did the overall population. These patterns were relatively unaffected by sensitivity analyses, and disparities held not only nationally but within most states and counties as well.

conclusionsDisparities in burden from PM-emitting facilities exist at multiple geographic scales. Disparities for Blacks are more pronounced than are disparities on the basis of poverty status. Strictly socioeconomic considerations may be insufficient to reduce PM burdens equitably across populations.

Indexed as

Health Status DisparitiesParticulate MatterBlack or African AmericanHumansInhalation ExposurePovertyRacial GroupsSocioeconomic FactorsUnited StatesWhite PeopleParticulate Matter

Identifiers

PMID29470121
PMCPMC5844406

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.