ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2018
Understanding the Role of Adenosine A2AR Heteroreceptor Complexes in Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation.
Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
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- The potential role of adenosinergic pathway and methylxanthines in Parkinson's disease: Blowing in the wind or not.Purinergic signalling · 2026Review
- Dual CD73/AFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- GPCR Heterodimers: Implications for Biased Signaling.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2026Review
- Neuroprotection by Flaxseed Oil in a Model of Hippocampal Injury Induced by Trimethyltin Involves Purinergic System Modulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Xiaoyaosan modulates gut-brain metabolic pathways and brain microstructure in depression: a multi-omics insight.Chinese medicine · 2025Article
- Multiomic Evidence for a Unified Model of Alzheimer's Disease Etiology Linking Microglial Flux Capacity and Astrocyte-Neuron Metabolic Breakdown.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Therapeutic and immunomodulatory potentials of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and immune checkpoints related molecules.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Trends on Novel Targets and Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery System in the Treatment of Parkinson's disease: Recent Advancement in Drug Development.Current drug targets · 2024Review
- Anti-inflammatory potency of novel ecto-5'-nucleotidase/CD73 inhibitors in astrocyte culture model of neuroinflammation.European journal of pharmacology · 2023Article
- Adenosinergic Pathway in Parkinson's Disease: Recent Advances and Therapeutic Perspective.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
- The mGluMolecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Altered Topographic Distribution and Enhanced Neuronal Expression of Adenosine-Metabolizing Enzymes in Rat Hippocampus and Cortex from Early to late Adulthood.Neurochemical research · 2022Article
- Piperine and Its Metabolite's Pharmacology in Neurodegenerative and Neurological Diseases.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Disrupting GPCR Complexes with Smart Drug-like Peptides.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Xiaoyaosan Ameliorates Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Depression-Like Phenotype by Suppressing A2AR Signaling in the Rat Striatum.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- The coming together of allosteric and phosphorylation mechanisms in the molecular integration of A2A heteroreceptor complexes in the dorsal and ventral striatal-pallidal GABA neurons.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Adenosine is a nucleoside mainly formed by degradation of ATP, located intracellularly or extracellularly, and acts as a neuromodulator. It operates as a volume transmission signal through diffusion and flow in the extracellular space to modulate the activity of both glial cells and neurons. The effects of adenosine are mediated via four adenosine receptor subtypes: A1R, A2AR, A2BR, A3R. The A2AR has a wide-spread distribution but it is especially enriched in the ventral and dorsal striatum where it is mainly located in the striato-pallidal GABA neurons at a synaptic and extrasynaptic location. A number of A2AR heteroreceptor complexes exist in the striatum. The existence of A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes with antagonistic A2AR-D2R interactions in the striato-pallidal GABA neurons is well-known with A2AR activation inhibiting Gi/o mediated signaling of D2Rs. A2AR-mGluR5 heteroreceptor complexes were also found in with synergistic receptor-receptor interactions enhancing the inhibition of the D2R protomer signaling. They are located mainly in extrasynaptic regions of the striato-pallidal GABA neurons. Results recently demonstrated the existence of brain A2AR-A2BR heteroreceptor complexes, in which A2BR protomer constitutively inhibited the function of the A2AR protomer. These adenosine A2AR heteroreceptor complexes may modulate alpha-synuclein aggregation and toxicity through postulated bidirectional direct interactions leading to marked increases in A2AR signaling both in nerve cells and microglia. It is of high interest that formation of A2AR-A2ABR heteroreceptor complexes provides a brake on A2AR recognition and signaling opening up a novel strategy for treatment of A2AR mediated neurodegeneration.
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