ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2018
Reference ranges for antiepileptic drugs revisited: a practical approach to establish national guidelines.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Potential Role of CYP3A4 in Determining In Vivo Exposure to Cannabidiol (CBD) and its Active Metabolite 7-OH-CBD: Evidence from an In Vitro Study.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2026Article
- Utilization of Anti-Seizure Medication (ASMS) and Seizure Control in Pediatric Epilepsy: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study in Oman.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Drug Critical Limits for Urgent Physician Notification.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a HPLC method for therapeutic monitoring of brivaracetam.Biochemia medica · 2026Article
- Stratified Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Could Potentially Improve the Efficacy and Safety of Oxcarbazepine in Children with Epilepsy: Novel Insights from a Single-Center, Large-Sample, Retrospective Real-World Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetics of Perampanel in Danish Paediatric Patients With Epilepsy Based on Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Efficacy of monotherapy with zonisamide and proposed reference interval in dogs with epilepsy: a cohort of 207 dogs (2011-2021).Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Optimization of individualized therapy with oral valproic acid in pediatric patients with epilepsy based on factors influencing blood concentrations.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Folate transfer across the placenta during late pregnancy in women with epilepsy: A cross-sectional, two-center study.Epilepsia · 2025Article
- Medications, epilepsy and climate change: Added layers of complexity.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Review
- The Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Relationship of Clinically Used Antiseizure Medications in the Maximal Electroshock Seizure Model in Rodents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Evaluation of antiseizure medication concentration ranges in blood samples using an automated big data approach.Epilepsia · 2025Article
- Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation of topiramate in populations with renal and hepatic impairment and considerations for drug-drug interactions.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2025Article
- Resolving native GABANature · 2025Article
- Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation for initial dose optimization of levetiracetam in pediatrics.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Lacosamide in Chinese Pediatric Patients with Epilepsy: Focus on Clinical Effectiveness, Tolerability and Drug Interactions.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Development and Validation of a Population Pharmacokinetics Model of Perampanel for Pediatric Epilepsy Patients for Optimized Dosing.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Serum perampanel levels in patients with seizures are not affected by hemodialysis.Epilepsia open · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveLaboratories sometimes use different reference ranges for the same antiepileptic drug (AED), particularly for new and poorly investigated drugs. This may contribute to misunderstandings, concerns or inappropriate dose changes, which in turn may affect therapeutic effect, drug safety or treatment adherence. Therefore, the Norwegian Association of Clinical Pharmacology wished to update and harmonize the reference ranges for AEDs and establish national guidelines for Norway.
methodsA working group collected information on the reference ranges used by Norwegian laboratories for all commonly used AEDs. These reference ranges were compared to recent recommendations by the International League Against Epilepsy, current literature, applicable clinical studies, reference ranges used by leading Northern European epilepsy centers outside of Norway, and routine data derived from Norwegian laboratory databases.
resultsReference ranges varied between laboratories for four of 23 available AEDs (lamotrigine, valproate, eslicarbazepine and oxcarbazepine). For four AEDs (brivaracetam, perampanel, stiripentol and sulthiame), reference ranges had not previously been established. In total, 13 reference ranges were either harmonized, updated or newly established. No changes were applied to the remaining 10 AEDs.
conclusionUpdated and harmonized reference ranges are now available for 22 of the 23 AEDs available in Norway. The exception is vigabatrin (reference range not applicable). Revision of reference ranges is an important part of pharmacovigilance of AEDs and must be a continuous process based on current literature and clinical experience.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.